Table 1.
Overview of MEA assays in recent iPSC disease modeling studies. ASD = autism spectrum disorder, TSC = tuberous sclerosis complex, FXS = fragile X syndrome, SCZ = schizophrenia, ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Rett = Rett syndrome, MFR = mean firing rate, wMFR = weighted mean firing rate, ISI COV = interspike interval coefficient of variation, IBI = interburst interval, and IBI COV = interburst interval coefficient of variation.
| Reference | Differentiation Type | Disease Model | Associated Mutations | System and Plate Format Used | Number of Electrodes | Reported Metrics | Recording Duration | Replicates per Line |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russo et al. (2018) [22] | Directed | ASD | SETD5, Idiopathic | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | MFR | 3 min | 6 |
| Deneault et al. (2019) [23] | TF Programming (NGN2) | ASD | CTN5, EHMT2, DLGAP2, CAPRIN1, SET, GLI3, VIP, ANOS1, THRA, NRXN1, AGBL4 | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | wMFR, network burst frequency | 5 min | 9–24 |
| Deneault et al. (2018) [24] | TF Programming (NGN2) | ASD | ATRX, AFF2, KCNQ2N SCN2AM ASTN2 | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | MFR, burst frequency, network burst frequency | 5 min | 21–55 |
| Marchetto et al. (2017) [25] | Directed | ASD | - | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | Number of spikes, network burst frequency | 10 min | 3 |
| DeRosa et al. (2018) [26] | Directed | ASD | - | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | MFR | 10 min | 16 |
| Amatya et al. (2019) [27] | Directed | ASD | - | Axion Biosystems 96-well | 8 | Minimum embedding dimension, ISI COV | 10 min | 6 |
| Winden et al. (2019) [28] | TF Programming (NGN2) | TSC | TSC2 | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | wMFR, synchrony index | - | 48 |
| Nadadhur et al. (2019) [29] | Directed | TSC | TSC1, TSC2 | Multi Channel Systems single well | 60 | MFR | 10 min | 6–8 |
| Quraishi et al. (2019) [30] | Cellular Dynamics (proprietary) | Epilepsy | KCNT1 | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | MFR, Synchrony Index, burst rate, burst duration, burst intensity | 8 min | 24 |
| Graef et al. (2020) [31] | TF Programming (NGN2) | FXS | FMR1 | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | wMFR | 5 min | 12–24 |
| Liu et al. (2018) [32] | Directed | FXS | FMR1 | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | MFR | 5 min | 2–6 |
| Utami et al. (2020) [33] | Directed | FXS | FMR1 | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | MFR, max firing rate, number of unresponsive | 5 min | 6 |
| Nageshappa et al. (2016) [34] | Directed | MECP2 duplication syndrome | MECP2 | MED64 single well | 64 | Network burst frequency | 5 min | 3 |
| Kathuria et al. (2019) [35] | Directed | SCZ | - | MED64 12-well | 16 | MFR | 1 min | 3 |
| Sarkar et al. (2018) [36] | Directed | SCZ | - | Axion Biosystems 96-well | 8 | Number of spikes, Synchrony Index, Burst Frequency, Network Burst Frequency | 10 min | 6 or 12 |
| Ishii et al. (2019) [37] | TF Programming (NGN2 or ASCL1 + DLX2) |
SCZ and Bipolar | idiopathic, PDH15, RELN | Axion Biosystems 48-well | 16 | wMFR, GABA Sensitivity | 5 min | 4–6 |
| Sharma et al. (2019) [38] | Directed | Rett | MECP2 | Axion Biosystems 12-well | 64 | Network burst frequency | 5 min | 3 |
| Frega et al. (2019) [39] | TF Programming (NGN2) | Kleefstra syndrome | EHMT1 | Multi Channel Systems 24-well | 12 | MFR, burst frequency, burst duration, mean IBI, IBI CV, % spikes out of bursts | 20 min | 10–23 |
| Mossink et al. (2021) [40] | TF Programming (NGN2 or ASCL1 + forskolin) |
ASD, ADHD | CHD13 | Multi Chanel Systems 24-well | 12 | Network burst duration, number of spikes per network burst | 10 min | 20–49 |
| Alsaqati et al. (2020) [41] | Directed | TSC | TSC2 | Axion Biosystems 24-well | 16 | MFR, network burst frequency, network burst duration, inter-network burst interval, burst frequency, connectivity correlation, % spikes outside network bursts, frequency distribution | - | 3–10 |
| Li et al. (2013) [42] | Directed | Rett | MECP2 | MED64 single well | 64 | MFR | 5 min | - |
| Sundberg et al. (2021) [43] | Directed | 16p11.2 CNV | 16p11.2 dup, 16p11.2 deletion | MaxWell Biosystems single well Axion Biosystems 48-well |
26,400 16 |
MFR, fraction of synchronized sensors, burst frequency, burst duration, inter-burst interval, number of spikes per burst |
2 min 5 min |
4–7 6–16 |