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Schematic representing the effect of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Imbalance in the level of ROS/RNS and antioxidants leads to an oxidative stress condition that causes damage to cellular biomolecules, i.e., lipids, proteins, and DNA. Mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of activated astrocytes and microglia release inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promoting cellular apoptosis and tissue death.
