Table 3.
Summary of sesquiterpenoids isolated from different plants with their IC50 values of cholinesterase inhibitory activities.
| Species | Plant Parts | Extraction Methods | Types of Compounds | Chemical Constituents | Cholinesterase Inhibition (µM) (A: AChE, B: BuChE) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cynara cornigera | Aerial parts | Extract with methanol, column chromatography | Sesquiterpene lactone | Cornigeraline A (54) | 20.5 (A) | [41] |
| Sibthorpine (55) | 35.8 (A) | |||||
| 3-hydroxy-grosheimin (56) | 30.5 (A) | |||||
| Grosheimin (57) | 61.8 (A) | |||||
| Solstitalin A (58) | 25.7 (A) | |||||
| 13-chlorosolstitialine (59) | 62.1 (A) | |||||
| Cyanaropicrin (60) | 31.3 (A) | |||||
| Maytenus disticha | Seeds | Extract with methanol, fractionated, chloroform fraction, further column chromatography | Agarofuran | 1α,6β,8α-triacetoxy-9β-furoyloxy-β-agarofuran (61) | 248 (A) | [44] |
| 1α-hydroxy-6β,8α-diacetoxy-9β-furoyloxy-β-agarofuran (62) | 738 (A) | |||||
| 1α,6β-diacetoxy-8α-hydroxy-9β-furoyloxy-β-agarofuran (63) | 161 (A) | |||||
| 1α-acetoxy-6β,8α-dihydroxy-9β-furoyloxy-β-agarofuran (64) | 312 (A) | |||||
| 1α,2α,6β,8α,15-pentaacetoxy-9β-benzoyloxy-β-agarofuran (65) | 122 (A) | |||||
| 1α-acetoxy-6β,9β-difuroyloxy-4β-hydroxy-β-agarofuran (66) | 738 (A) | |||||
| Pulicaria vulgaris | Aerial part | Extract with acetone–water (1:1), fractionated, column chromatography | Caryophyllene Sesquiterpene | Pulicaryenne A (67) | 214.85 (A) | [45] |
| (1S,6R,9S,11R)-13,14-dihdroxycaryophyll-2(15)-en-7-one (68) | 39.97 (A) | |||||
| (5Z)-14-hydroxycaryophyllen-7-one (69) | 108.26 (A) | |||||
| (1S,5Z,9R)-12-acetoxy-14-hydroxycaryophylla-2(15),5-dien-7-one (70) | 101.22 (A) | |||||
| (1S,5Z,9R)-12,14-dihydroxycaryophylla-2(15),5-dien-7-one (71) | 25.78 (A) | |||||
| Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides | Sesquiterpene acid | Megatigma-7, 9-diene-1,4-epoxy-2-hydroxy-10-carboxylic acid (72) | 9.49 (A) 9.34 (B) |
[15] | ||
| Artemisia annua | Leaves | Extract with ethanol, column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 | Sesquiterpene lactone | Artemisinin (2) | 104 (A) | [46] |
| Aquilaria sinensis | Woods | Diethyl ether extract, column chromatography | 5,11-epoxyguaiane | Qinanol A (73) | 100.7 (A) | [47] |