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. 2022 Feb 11;11(2):282. doi: 10.3390/biology11020282

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Map of Europe comprising the countries (n = 32) included in the study with the four regions assignment: Eastern Europe (in orange): (n = 6), (numerical code 151): Bulgaria (BG), Czech Republic (CZ), Hungary (HU), Poland (PL), Romania (RO) and Slovakia (SK). Northern Europe (in green): (n = 9), (numerical code 154): Estonia (EE), Finland (FI), Iceland (IS), Ireland (IE), Latvia (LV), Lithuania (LT), Norway (NO), Sweden (SE) and United Kingdom (UK). Southern Europe (in red): (n = 10), (numerical code 039): Bosnia and Herzegovina (BA), Croatia (HR), Greece (EL), Italy (IT), Malta (MT), Montenegro (ME), Portugal (PT), Serbia (RS), Slovenia (SI) and Spain (ES). Western Europe (in green): (n = 7), (numerical code 155): Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), France (FR), Germany (DE), Luxembourg (LU), Netherlands (NL), and Switzerland (CH). Countries are labelled by their ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes [24]. Countries were grouped in four regions, based on the “Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use” (M49) [25], from United Nations geographic scheme for the continent of Europe (numerical code 150), created by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD).