Table 2.
Factors associated with dyslipidemia (ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort, n = 4746).
| Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis (Model 1) 1 N = 4702 |
Multivariable Analysis (Model 2) 1 N = 4702 |
Multivariable Analysis (Model 3) 1 N = 4590 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR [95% CI] | p-Value | aOR [95% CI] | p-Value | aOR [95% CI] | p-Value | aOR [95% CI] | p-Value | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | |||||||
| Female | 0.61 [0.49–0.77] | <10−3 | ||||||
| Age (years) | <10−3 | <10−3 | <10−3 | <10−3 | ||||
| <40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 40–49 | 2.93 [2.01–4.27] | <10−3 | 2.51 [1.72–3.69] | <10−3 | 2.51 [1.72–3.69] | <10−3 | 2.24 [1.50–3.34] | <10−3 |
| 50–59 | 8.01 [5.65–11.34] | <10−3 | 6.40 [4.47–9.15] | <10−3 | 6.40 [4.47–9.15] | <10−3 | 4.65 [3.13–6.90] | <10−3 |
| ≥60 | 9.79 [6.93–13.82] | <10−3 | 7.72 [5.38–11.09] | <10−3 | 7.72 [5.38–11.09] | <10−3 | 4.43 [2.91–6.75] | <10−3 |
| Place of birth | <10−3 | |||||||
| France | 1 | |||||||
| Europe 2 | 0.93 [0.67–1.28] | 0.641 | ||||||
| North Africa | 0.70 [0.48–1.02] | 0.063 | ||||||
| Sub-Saharan Africa 3 | 0.36 [0.27–0.47] | <10−3 | ||||||
| Asia | 0.74 [0.55–1.00] | 0.050 | ||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) 4 | <10−3 | <10−3 | <10−3 | |||||
| <25 (under or normal weight) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| ≥25 and <30 (overweight) | 1.76 [1.39–2.22] | <10−3 | 1.48 [1.16–1.89] | 0.001 | 1.48 [1.16–1.89] | 0.001 | ||
| ≥30 (obese) | 2.30 [1.74–3.04] | <10−3 | 1.86 [1.39–2.48] | <10−3 | 1.86 [1.39–2.48] | <10−3 | ||
| Living in a couple | ||||||||
| No | 1 | |||||||
| Yes | 1.40 [1.12–1.76] | 0.003 | ||||||
| Coffee consumption | <10−3 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.009 | ||||
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 1–2 cups/day | 1.82 [1.40–2.36] | <10−3 | 1.28 [0.97–1.70] | 0.083 | 1.28 [0.97–1.70] | 0.083 | 1.32 [0.99–1.75] | 0.061 |
| ≥3 cups/day | 2.28 [1.74–2.99] | <10−3 | 1.49 [1.10–2.00] | 0.009 | 1.49 [1.10–2.00] | 0.009 | 1.62 [1.19–2.20] | 0.002 |
| Tea consumption | ||||||||
| Non-daily | 1 | |||||||
| Daily | 0.80 [0.64–0.99] | 0.039 | ||||||
| Tea consumption | ||||||||
| <3 cups/day | 1 | |||||||
| ≥3 cups/day | 0.94 [0.67–1.32] | 0.720 | ||||||
| Cannabis use | 0.222 | |||||||
| Never | 1 | |||||||
| Former | 1.29 [0.79–2.11] | 0.302 | ||||||
| Current | 0.56 [0.25–1.29] | 0.173 | ||||||
| Tobacco use | <10−3 | <10−3 | <10−3 | <10−3 | ||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Former | 2.76 [2.18–3.49] | <10−3 | 1.63 [1.26–2.11] | <10−3 | 1.63 [1.26–2.11] | <10−3 | 1.67 [1.28–2.18] | <10−3 |
| Current | 1.45 [1.10–1.91] | 0.009 | 1.47 [1.08–1.98] | 0.013 | 1.47 [1.08–1.98] | 0.013 | 1.49 [1.09–2.04] | 0.013 |
| Alcohol use | <10−3 | |||||||
| Abstinent without history of unhealthy use | 1 | |||||||
| Moderate use | 1.59 [1.29–1.97] | <10−3 | ||||||
| Current or past unhealthy use | 2.12 [1.45–3.10] | <10−3 | ||||||
| Living in poverty | ||||||||
| No | 1 | |||||||
| Yes | 0.73 [0.59–0.90] | 0.003 | ||||||
| Educational level | ||||||||
| <upper secondary school certificate | 1 | |||||||
| ≥upper secondary school certificate | 0.61 [0.49–0.75] | <10−3 | ||||||
| Time since HBV diagnosis (years) | 1.03 [1.03–1.05] | <10−3 | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | 0.011 | ||||
| Advanced liver fibrosis 5 | ||||||||
| No | 1 | - | - | |||||
| Yes | 1.14 [0.69–1.88] | 0.598 | - | - | ||||
| Diabetes | ||||||||
| No | 1 | - | - | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 4.88 [3.76–6.33] | <10−3 | - | - | 2.61 [1.94–3.52] | <10−3 | ||
| Hypertension | ||||||||
| No | 1 | - | - | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 4.22 [3.41–5.23] | <10−3 | - | - | 2.00 [1.55–2.59] | <10−3 | ||
1 In model 1, advanced liver fibrosis, diabetes, and hypertension were not considered eligible for multivariate analyses. In model 2, which was based on model 1, advanced liver fibrosis was considered eligible for multivariate analyses. In model 3, which was also based on model 1, both diabetes and hypertension were considered eligible for multivariate analyses. 2 The category ‘Europe’ included participants from the U.S. (n = 2), New Zealand (n = 1), and South America (n = 11). 3 The category ‘Sub-Saharan Africa’ included participants from Haiti (n = 44) and the Dominican Republic (n = 2). 4 World Health Organization categorization [47]. 5 Advanced liver fibrosis was defined as an FIB-4 score > 3.25 [43]. aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus.