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Schematic depiction of the RNA-targeting Cas system. (a) The Cas:gRNA complex comprises two parts: the Cas protein and guide RNA (gRNA). (b) The recognition and binding of target RNA activate the nuclease activity of the Cas:gRNA complex, resulting in the cleavage of target RNA. Some Cas orthologs, upon activation, also cleave nontarget, “collateral” RNA.
