Figure 1.

The connection between oncometabolites and angiogenesis. TCA—tricarboxylic acid; NF NF-κB—nuclear factor kappa B; IL-8—interleukin 8; HIF—hypoxia-induced factor; CA9—carbonic anhydrase 9; TAMs—tumor-associated macrophages; mTORC1—mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; ERK—extracellular signal-regulated kinase; STAT—signal transducer and activator of transcription; REDD1—regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1; PHD—prolyl hydroxylase; TETs—ten-eleven translocation proteins; VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor; PI3K—phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; TBK1—TANK-binding kinase 1; BNIP3—Bcl2-interacting protein 3; ROS—reactive oxygen species.