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. 2022 Jan 27;12(2):74. doi: 10.3390/bios12020074

Table 2.

Clinical information of patients in the three groups (i.e., control group, PD group using clonazepam, and PD group not using clonazepam).

Subject Control Group
(n = 30)
PD Group w. Clonazepam
(n = 12)
PD Group w.o. Clonazepam
(n = 15)
p-Value
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
Age (years) 61.7 ± 9.2 62.5 ± 11.52 62.2 ± 8.0 0.93
Sex (male/female) 15/15 6/6 8/7
PSQI 1 6.66 ± 3.6 9.6 ± 5.1 11.4 ± 5.7 0.006 **
Start sleep (hh:ss) 22:50 ±66.8 21:43 ± 35.5 21:53 ± 82.1 0.220
End sleep (hh:ss) 05:36 ± 64.2 05:40 ± 70.5 05:42 ± 106.7 0.792
Sleep time (min) 364.6 ± 66.2 417.5 ± 105.8 338 ± 123.4 0.090
Bedtime (min) 434 ± 78.5 486.6 ± 65.9 470.6 ± 95.2 0.120
Sleep efficiency (%) 85.1 ± 13.4 86.5 ± 20.9 77 ± 34.8 0.445

1 PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Start sleep and End sleep: twenty-four-hour scale; sleep efficiency: the percentage of sleep time/bedtime; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.