Table 1.

General IRIS case definitions.

According to French et al., 2004 [24]
Diagnosis Requires Two Major Criteria (A+B) or Major Criterion (A) Plus Two Minor Criteria to Be Fulfilled
Major criteria	Minor criteria
(A)Atypical presentation of opportunistic infections or tumors in patients responding to ART	Increase in blood CD4 T-cell count after starting ART
-Localized disease -Exaggerated inflammatory reaction -Atypical inflammatory response in affected tissues -Progressive organ dysfunction or enlargement of pre-existing lesions after definite clinical improvement with pathogen-specific therapy before the initiation of ART and exclusion of treatment toxicity and new alternative diagnoses	Increase in an immune response specific to the relevant pathogen—e.g., delayed type hypersensitivity skin test response to mycobacterial antigens
(B)Decrease in plasma HIV RNA concentration by more than 1 log10 copies per mL	Spontaneous resolution of disease without specific antimicrobial therapy or tumor chemotherapy with continuation of ART
According to Shelburne et al., 2006 [31]
Criteria for IRIS Diagnosis Include:
HIV-infected patient Receiving effective ART as evidenced by a decrease in HIV-[1] RNA concentration from baseline or an increase in CD4+ T cells from baseline (may lag behind HIV-1 RNA decrease) Clinical symptoms consistent with inflammatory process Clinical course not consistent with expected course of previously diagnosed opportunistic infection, expected course of newly diagnosed opportunistic infection, or drug toxicity