Figure 4.

Bone biomineralization and vascular tubulogenesis GRNs in vertebrates. (A), schematic diagram showing a cross section of the dorsal part of a vertebrate embryo and the different embryonic territories that contribute to skeletal and vascular tissues. (B), tissues and cell types that participate in endochondral ossification in vertebrates. Immature cartilage (green) is generated by proliferating and resting chondrocytes. Mature cartilage (blue) is generated by hypertrophic chondrocytes, bone matrix and mineralization (gray) are generated by osteoblasts, maintained by osteocytes and reabsorbed by osteoclasts (purple). (C), GRN and differentiation genes in the different bone forming cells. Color code matches the territories and cells in (B,D), schematic diagram of vertebrate blood vessel showing the different cell types that constitute it. Blood cells occupy the lumen which is engulfed by endothelial cells. The endothelial cells are bound to the basement membrane from the inner side of the vessel and pericytes from the outside. Image courtesy of Yarden Ben-Tabou de-Leon (artist). (E), endothelial cell GRN and differentiation genes.