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. 2022 Jan 20;12(2):134. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12020134

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The axonal projection patterns of LC in different vertebrates. In fish, LC axons project to TEC, OT, Hyp, C, SC [13,18,19,20]. In amphibians and reptiles, LC axons project to TEC, DCm, Hyp, SN, OT, C, SC [21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30]. In birds, LC axons project to TEC, W, NCM, Th, SN, OT, C, SC [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38]. In mammals, LC axons project to NeoC, BF, Hyp, T, Amy, Hipp, SN, VTA, C, SC [12,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47]. Puple, telencephalon. Blue, diencephalon. Green, mesencephalon. Yellow, rhombencephalon. Pink, spinal cord. TEC, telencephalon. DCm, dorsal medial cortex. W, wulst. NCM, caudomedial nidopallium. NeoC, neocortex. Hyp, hypothalamus. Th, thalamus. BF, basal forebrain. Amy, amygdala. Hipp, hippocampus. OT, optic tectum. SN, substantia nigra. VTA, ventral tegmental area. C, cerebellum. SC, spinal cord.