Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population according to mitral and aortic valves calcification (n = 80).
| General Characteristics | Mitral Valve | Aortic Valve | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcified/ Non-Calcified | p Value | Calcified/ Non-Calcified | p Value | |
| n = 29/51 | n = 29/51 | |||
| Age (years) | 56.1 ± 9.8/60.2 ± 2.5 | 0.349 | 58.8 ± 8.7/56.6 ± 9.7 | 0.349 |
| Gender (f–m) | 10–19/14–37 | 0.340 | 8–21/16–35 | 0.463 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.16 ± 2.67/23.4 ± 4.20 | 0.450 | 24.07 ± 3.26/24.3 ± 2.03 | 0.289 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.93 ± 1.82/12.35 ± 1.52 | 0.234 | 12.87 ± 3.22/12.4 ± 2.5 | 0.230 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.17 ± 1.72/4.14 ± 1.53 | 0.765 | 4.82 ± 1.52/4.14 ± 0.4 | 0.835 |
| ACR (µg/mg) | 155.2 ± 24.49/166.4 ± 2.3 | 0.650 | 153 ± 26.8/125.7 ± 17.4 | 0.745 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) | 37.1 ± 14.7/53.0 ± 17.9 | <0.0001 | 34.6 ± 11.19/54.4 ± 17.6 | <0.0001 |
| Phosphate (P) (mg/dL) | 4.2 ± 0.6/3.8 ± 0.6 | 0.001 | 4.3 ± 0.6/3.7 ± 0.59 | 0.001 |
| Calcium (Ca) (mg/dL) | 9.3 ± 0.50/9.5 ± 0.6 | 0.119 | 9.3 ± 0.5/9.5 ± 0.6 | 0.119 |
| Magnesium (Mg) (mg/dL) | 1.2 ± 0.7/1.6 ± 0.7 | 0.029 | 1.16 ± 0.66/1.7 ± 0.74 | 0.001 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 149.2 ± 10.4/104.5 ± 35.5 | 0.025 | 173.2 ± 78.9/91.2 ± 8.7 | 0.030 |
| Calcium x Phosphate (CaxP) (mg2/dL2) | 34.4 ± 5.66/35.6 ± 6.05 | 0.538 | 36.5 ± 6.2/35.6 ± 5.7 | 0.528 |
| FGF-23 (RU/mL) | 197.08 ± 20.9/90.3 ± 29.5 | <0.0001 | 201.1 ± 10.1/97.8 ± 15.14 | <0.0001 |
| 1.25(OH)2 Vitamin D (pg/mL) | 20.7 ± 7.2/22.7 ± 7.6 | 0.312 | 22.5 ± 7.2/20.8 ± 7.2 | 0.311 |
| GRP (ng/mL) | 0.59 ± 0.28/1.1 ± 0.6 | <0.0001 | 0.53 ± 0.22/1.1 ± 0.58 | <0.0001 |
| α-Klotho (pg/mL) | 189.2 ± 71.7/319.6 ± 51.05 | 0.002 | 190.5 ± 80.2/318.4 ± 46.1 | 0.002 |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 5.4 ± 1.9/3.1 ± 1.3 | 0.037 | 7.1 ± 1.8/3.07 ± 2.1 | 0.037 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.25 ± 1.20/7.36 ± 1.61 | 0.518 | 6.06 ± 0.20/6.8 ± 0.3 | 0.329 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 127 ± 9.8/127.2 ± 7.84 | 0.353 | 128.5 ± 8.8 /126.7 ± 8.8 | 0.353 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74.7 ± 8.2/73.3 ± 8.14 | 0.323 | 73 ± 8.3/74.5 ± 3.4 | 0.371 |
| Diabetes-related CKD evolution time (months) | 12 ± 0.7/10 ± 0.8 | 0.123 | 12 ± 1.3/12.5 ± 2.5 | 0.992 |
| RAS inhibitor/or ACEI (%) | 78.7/21.3 | 0.068 | 50.7/47.3 | 0.184 |
| Calcium channel blockers with renoprotective action (%) | 35.6/64.4 | 0.052 | 48.6/32.4 | 0.151 |
BMI, body mass index; Hb, hemoglobin; ACR, urine albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PTH, parathyroid hormone; FGF-23, fibroblast growth factor 23; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; GRP, Gla-rich protein; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; BP, blood pressure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ARA II, angiotensin II receptor antagonists; ACEI, angiotensinogen converting enzyme inhibitors.