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. 2022 Feb 15;9(2):266. doi: 10.3390/children9020266

Table 1.

Characteristics of the included studies.

Study Type Age (y) Gender Disease Duration WBVT Program Index DXA Device
Bagalaty 2021 RCT 5.0 ± 0.84 10 M/13 F CP 12 weeks;3 x/week 5–25 Hz; OA = 0–3.9 mm; Erect position, squatting, and side-standing for 20 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Femur BMD DP3, Lunar Corporation, USA
Duran 2020 Cohort 11.9 ± 2.7 76 M/52 F CP 6 months; 3–10 x/week 8–20 Hz; OA = 1–2 mm; Standing on a 40 degrees inclined pedal and train for 15 minutes; Side-alternating vibrations. Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE, UK
Gusso 2016 Cohort 16.2 23 M/17 F CP 20 weeks; 4 x/week 15–20 Hz; OA = 1 mm; Stand on a vibration pedal with knees bent and train for 9 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Femur BMD; Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE Lunar Prodigy, USA
Hogler 2017 RCT 10.5 ± 2.9 6 M/6 F OI 5 months; 2 x/day 20–25 Hz; OA = 2–6 mm; Stand on a 10–45 degrees inclined vibration pedal with knees bent and train for 18 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Femur BMD; Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE Lunar Prodigy, USA
Kilebrant 2015 Cohort 5.1–16.3 4 M/7 F MD 6 months; 2 x/week 40–42 Hz; OA = 0.2 mm; Stand on a vibration pedal with knees bent and train for 5–15 min; Vertical vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE Lunar Prodigy, USA
Ruck 2010 RCT 8.2 ± 0.9 8 M/2 F CP 6 months; 5 x/week 12–18 Hz; OA = 4 mm; Stand on a 35 degrees inclined vibration pedal and train for 15 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Femur BMD QDR Discovery, Hologic Inc, USA
Stark 2010 Cohort 9.76 44 M/34 F CP 6 months; 1 x/day 5–25 Hz; OA = 0–3.9 mm; Stand on a vibration pedal and train for 15 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE, Germany
Vesey 2020 Cohort 15.7 ± 2.9 8 M/8 F MD 20 weeks; 4 x/week 12–20 Hz; OA = 1 mm; Stand on a vibration pedal and train for 15 min; Side-alternating vibrations. Lumbar-spine BMD; Total-body BMC; Lean mass GE Lunar Prodigy, USA

RCT = randomized controlled trial; M = male; F = female; BMD = bone mineral density; BMC = bone mineral content; WBVT = whole body vibration training; CP = cerebral palsy; OI = osteogenesis imperfecta; MD = musculoskeletal disorders; OA = oscillation amplitude.