Table 2.

Currently available chronic wound treatments.

Currently Available Chronic Wound Treatments	Advantages	Disadvantages	Applications	Is It Approved for Chronic Wounds?	Does It Require a Secondary Treatment?	Refs.
Debridement	Prevent the expansion of the area of non-viable tissue while keeping the area of viable tissue stable	May cause discomfort for the patient Expensive Require a specialist Inconsistent results	All chronic wounds	Yes	Yes	[17,18,19]
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy	Increase the oxygen concentration in blood in the wound area and shortens the wound healing process	Require a specialist to apply it Expensive	All diabetic ulcers	Yes	No	[20]
Ultrasound and electromagnetic therapy	Provide pain relief to the patient	Time-consuming Expensive May have certain side effects including damage or burns on endothelial tissues	Venous and pressure ulcers Tendon injuries Surgical incisions	Yes	No	[21,22]
Negative pressure wound therapy	Increase blood flow and moisture around the wound	Require a proper health facility and medical specialist Limit the mobility of the patient Give discomfort to the patient	Certain types of venous and pressure ulcers	Yes	No	[23]
Skin grafts	Widely used Easy to apply	Only used for large wounds Require a proper health facility and a specialist to apply it Expensive Less accessible in some countries	Large chronic wounds	Yes	No	[24]