Table 1.

Overview of inclusion criteria.

Inclusion
Peer-reviewed journal articles
Published between 2009 and 2020
Participants: adults who are aged 18 years or over
The review considered any self-reported instruments that intended to measure patient participation in healthcare
Exclusion
Qualitative studies
Systematic reviews
Studies involving participants less than 18 years of age
Studies published in languages other than English
Not original research or research using a single item survey question
No instrument was available to in the article or attached as an appendix
The measure was designed to be completed by someone other than the patient
The paper described application of the measure but not its development