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. 2022 Feb 18;19(4):2346. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042346

Table 2.

Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability (Kappa correlation coefficient) of each BBS-U item (N = 80).

Inter-Rater Reliability Intra-Rater Reliability
Items Rater-1 Rater-2 ICC(Lower–Upper) Kappa First Assessment Second Assessment ICC(Lower–Upper) Kappa
1 3.50 ± 0.60 3.53 ± 0.55 0.89(0.83–0.93) 0.86(0.76–0.97) 3.50 ± 0.60 3.48 ± 0.59 0.89(0.84–0.93) 0.86(0.75–0.96)
2 3.50 ± 0.55 3.48 ± 0.55 0.96(0.94–0.97) 0.93(0.85–1.00) 3.50 ± 0.55 3.46 ± 0.55 0.94(0.91–0.96) 0.95(0.89–1.02)
3 3.53 ± 0.55 3.50 ± 0.55 0.96(0.94–0.97) 0.88(0.78–0.98) 3.53 ± 0.55 3.46 ± 0.55 0.90(0.85–0.94) 0.95(0.89–1.02)
4 3.58 ± 0.50 3.55 ± 0.50 0.95(0.92–0.97) 0.87(0.76–0.98) 3.58 ± 0.50 3.60 ± 0.52 0.81(0.71–0.87) 0.95(0.84–1.06)
5 3.25 ± 0.83 3.28 ± 0.84 0.98(0.97–0.99) 0.87(0.77–0.96) 3.25 ± 0.83 3.16 ± 0.80 0.94(0.91–0.96) 0.96(0.91–1.01)
6 3.33 ± 0.85 3.28 ± 0.87 0.97(0.95–0.98) 0.82(0.71–0.94) 3.33 ± 0.85 3.43 ± 0.76 0.79(0.70–0.86) 0.92(0.84–1.00)
7 3.18 ± 0.84 3.15 ± 0.83 0.98(0.97–0.99) 0.90(0.82–0.98) 3.18 ± 0.84 3.16 ± 0.80 0.95(0.93–0.97) 0.96(0.91–1.01)
8 2.85 ± 0.73 2.88 ± 0.72 0.98(0.96–0.98) 0.89(0.79–0.98) 2.85 ± 0.73 2.86 ± 0.67 0.94(0.90–0.96) 0.96(0.90–1.02)
9 2.83 ± 0.90 2.88 ± 0.82 0.97(0.95–0.98) 0.89(0.80–0.98) 2.83 ± 0.90 2.86 ± 0.91 0.93(0.89–0.96) 0.93(0.86–0.99)
10 3.13 ± 0.85 3.13 ± 0.85 1.00(1.00–1.00) 0.86(0.76–0.96) 3.13 ± 0.85 3.09 ± 0.80 0.94(0.90–0.96) 1.00(1.00–1.00)
11 2.78 ± 0.89 2.80 ± 0.91 0.99(0.98–0.99) 0.80(0.70–0.91) 2.78 ± 0.89 3.00 ± 0.89 0.76(0.65–0.84) 0.84(0.74–0.94)
12 2.73 ± 0.84 2.78 ± 0.83 0.97(0.95–0.98) 0.87(0.77–0.96) 2.73 ± 0.84 2.81 ± 0.83 0.94(0.91–0.96) 0.93(0.85–1.00)
13 3.08 ± 0.82 3.13 ± 0.82 0.96(0.95–0.98) 0.89(0.80–0.97) 3.08 ± 0.82 3.18 ± 0.76 0.89(0.83–0.93) 0.93(0.85–1.00)
14 2.30 ± 0.68 2.25 ± 0.74 0.95(0.93–0.97) 0.77(0.65–0.90) 2.30 ± 0.68 2.41 ± 0.69 0.87(0.80–0.91) 0.92(0.79–1.04)
Total 43.68 ± 5.60 43.58 ± 5.58 0.99(0.988–0.995) 0.95(0.90–1.00) 43.68 ± 5.60 43.96 ± 4.91 0.95(0.93–0.97) 0.90(0.79–1.01)

ICC: intra-class correlation coefficient.