Table 3.
Risks, excess risks (risk difference, RD) and relative risks (RR) for reporting current symptoms among cohort participants who acquired a COVID-19 diagnosis 1–6 months ago compared with controls with no COVID-19
| na, b | No COVID-19, n (%) with symptoms | COVID-19 diagnosis 1–6 months ago, n (%) with symptomsb | RD | RR (95% CI), unadjusted | RR (95% CI), adjustedc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiorespiratory | ||||||
| Chest pain | 73,411 | 514 (0.7) | 31 (5.4) | 4.7 | 7.6 (5.3, 10.8) | 7.5 (5.2, 10.7) |
| Cough | 73,103 | 1487 (2.1) | 41 (7.1) | 5 | 3.5 (2.6, 4.7) | 3.5 (2.6, 4.7) |
| Shortness of breath | 73,052 | 777 (1.1) | 88 (15.3) | 14.2 | 14.2 (11.6, 17.4) | 13.9 (11.3, 17.1) |
| Heart palpitations | 72,476 | 1229 (1.7) | 60 (10.5) | 8.8 | 6.1 (4.8, 7.8) | 6.1 (4.8, 7.8) |
| Myocarditis | 73,716 | 3 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.2 | 41.7 (4.3, 400.4) | 42.3 (4.5, 396) |
| Reduced lung function | 73,239 | 174 (0.2) | 32 (5.5) | 5.3 | 23 (15.9, 33.2) | 22.5 (15.5, 32.5) |
| Neurocognitive | ||||||
| Anxiety | 72,119 | 690 (1) | 14 (2.5) | 1.5 | 2.6 (1.5, 4.3) | 2.6 (1.5, 4.3) |
| Brain fog | 70,942 | 2227 (3.2) | 84 (14.8) | 11.6 | 4.7 (3.8, 5.7) | 4.7 (3.8, 5.7) |
| Depression | 71,911 | 1602 (2.3) | 22 (3.9) | 1.6 | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6) | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6) |
| Dizziness | 72,414 | 1984 (2.8) | 62 (10.8) | 8.0 | 3.9 (3.1, 5) | 3.9 (3.1, 4.9) |
| Fatigue | 70,514 | 2222 (3.2) | 116 (20.6) | 17.4 | 6.5 (5.5, 7.7) | 6.4 (5.4, 7.5) |
| Headache | 70,367 | 4607 (6.6) | 88 (15.5) | 8.9 | 2.3 (1.9, 2.8) | 2.3 (1.9, 2.8) |
| Mood swings | 71,830 | 3105 (4.4) | 38 (6.6) | 2.2 | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) |
| Poor memory | 70,831 | 1798 (2.6) | 81 (14.3) | 11.7 | 5.6 (4.5, 6.8) | 5.6 (4.5, 6.8) |
| Sleep problems | 68,819 | 3569 (5.2) | 63 (11.4) | 6.2 | 2.2 (1.7, 2.8) | 2.2 (1.7, 2.8) |
| Joint and muscle | ||||||
| Joint pain | 69,205 | 1482 (2.2) | 39 (7.1) | 4.9 | 3.3 (2.4, 4.4) | 3.2 (2.4, 4.4) |
| Muscle pain | 69,249 | 2225 (3.2) | 45 (8.1) | 4.9 | 2.5 (1.9, 3.3) | 2.5 (1.9, 3.3) |
| Other | ||||||
| Altered smell or taste | 73,555 | 177 (0.2) | 128 (22) | 21.8 | 90.5 (73.2, 111.9) | 89.9 (72.7, 111.1) |
| Fever | 73,539 | 304 (0.4) | 8 (1.4) | 1 | 3.3 (1.6, 6.6) | 3.3 (1.6, 6.6) |
| Hair loss | 73,143 | 294 (0.4) | 16 (2.8) | 2.4 | 6.8 (4.1, 11.2) | 6.8 (4.2, 11.2) |
| Kidney disease | 73,531 | 26 (0) | NA (NA) | NA | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Skin rash | 72,622 | 961 (1.3) | 22 (3.8) | 2.5 | 2.8 (1.9, 4.3) | 2.8 (1.9, 4.3) |
aNumber of subjects included in regression model
bParticipants with symptom duration > 6 months were excluded from both case and control groups
cAdjusted for age and chronic illness