. 2022 Jan 1;46(3):661–668. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01017-8

Table 2.

Incidence of mechanical ventilation and case fatality in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 according to EOSS stages and BMI class, adjusted for age and sex.

	Mechanical ventilation		Death
	Incidence (95% CI)^a	HR^b (95% CI)	Incidence (95% CI)^a	HR^b (95% CI)
EOSS
Normal weight (<25 kg/m²)	2.53 (1.91–3.36)	Reference	3.05 (2.44–3.81)	Reference
Stage 0 and 1	2.04 (1.49–2.78)	0.73 (0.47–1.12)	1.63 (1.21–2.20)	0.62 (0.42–0.92)^†
Stage 2	3.76 (3.21–4.40)	1.42 (1.02–1.97)^†	2.58 (2.21–3.00)	0.96 (0.73–1.26)
Stage 3	3.69 (2.55–5.35)	1.30 (0.82–2.08)	2.33 (1.66–3.28)	0.86 (0.57–1.90)
Stage 4	7.92 (5.81–10.8)	2.78 (1.83–4.24)^‡	3.42 (2.59–4.53)	1.33 (0.92–1.90)
BMI
Normal weight (<25 kg/m²)	2.53 (1.91–3.36)	Reference	3.05 (2.44–3.81)	Reference
Overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m²)	2.92 (2.44–3.49)	1.20 (0.86–1.68)	2.26 (1.92–2.66)	0.83 (0.63–1.10)
Obesity Class I (BMI 30–34.9 kg/m²)	3.84 (3.09–4.78)	1.37 (0.95–1.97)	2.40 (1.95–2.97)	0.95 (0.69–1.30)
Obesity Class II (BMI 35–39.9 kg/m²)	4.64 (3.22–6.68)	1.71 (1.06–2.74)^†	3.16 (2.18–4.58)	1.26 (0.81–1.98)
Obesity Class III (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²)	7.01 (4.96–9.92)	2.62 (1.65–4.17)^‡	2.98 (2.13–4.17)	1.58 (1.03–2.42)^†

Patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²
EOSS
Stage 0 and 1	2.04 (1.49–2.78)	Reference	1.63 (1.21–2.20)	Reference
Stage 2	3.76 (3.21–4.40)	1.91 (1.35–2.72)^‡	2.58 (2.21–3.00)	1.55 (1.10–2.19)^†
Stage 3	3.69 (2.55–5.35)	1.74 (1.06–2.85)^†	2.33 (1.66–3.28)	1.42 (0.89–2.26)
Stage 4	7.92 (5.81–10.8)	3.75 (2.38–5.90)^‡	3.42 (2.59–4.53	2.19 (1.43–3.36)^‡
BMI
Overweight	2.92 (2.44–3.49)	Reference	2.26 (1.92–2.66)	Reference
Obesity Class I (BMI 30–34.9 kg/m²)	3.84 (3.09–4.78)	1.16 (0.87–1.54)	2.40 (1.95–2.97)	1.14 (0.87–1.49)
Obesity Class II (BMI 35–39.9 kg/m²)	4.64 (3.22–6.68)	1.46 (0.97–2.20)	3.16 (2.18–4.58)	1.52 (1.00–2.30)^†
Obesity Class III (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²)	7.01 (4.96–9.92)	2.24 (1.50–3.34)^‡	2.98 (2.13–4.17)	1.92 (1.30–2.84)^‡

^†p < 0.05; ^‡p < 0.001.

^aPer 100 days/person.

^bAdjusted for age and sex.