Table 2.

Incidence rate of CVD and all-cause mortality according to functional status.

Outcome	Cases, No.	Incidence rate, per 1,000 person-years	HR (95%CI)
			Model 1a	Model 2b	Model 3c
CVD (n = 1,914)
Functional limitation
No	1,570	25.97	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]
Yes	344	36.04	1.30 (1.15,1.47)	1.29 (1.14,1.47)	1.23 (1.08,1.39)
Heart disease (n = 1,377)
Functional limitation
No	1,153	18.23	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]
Yes	224	33.34	1.13 (0.97,1.31)	1.12 (0.96,1.31)	1.06 (0.91,1.24)
Stroke (n = 695)
Functional limitation
No	553	8.83	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]
Yes	142	14.29	1.56 (1.29,1.89)	1.54 (1.26,1.89)	1.44 (1.17,1.77)
All-cause mortality (n = 1,182)
Functional limitation
No	408	6.33	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]	1.00 [Reference]
Yes	774	14.04	2.06 (1.81,2.34)	1.68 (1.45,1.94)	1.63 (1.41,1.89)

HR, hazards ratio; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease.

^aadjusted for age and gender.

^badjusted for age, gender, residential area, marital status, education level, smoking, drinking, sleep duration, nap duration and depression symptoms.

^cadjusted for variables adjusted for in model 2 plus history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, use of medication for hypertension, use of medication for dyslipidemia, use of medication for diabetes and social participation.