Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study population stratified by kidney replacement therapy.
| Characteristics | Overall (n = 52,777) | HD (n = 45,619) | KT (n = 3305) | PD (n = 3853) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observation duration, mean (SD), years | 4.50 (2.49) | 4.48 (2.52) | 4.51 (2.34) | 4.66 (2.35) |
| Age at index date, mean (SD), years | 59.21 (14.19) | 60.78 (13.69) | 44.62 (11.62) | 53.16 (13.25) |
| 18–29, n (%) | 1335 (2.53) | 794 (1.74) | 385 (11.65) | 156 (4.05) |
| 30–39, n (%) | 3695 (7.00) | 2526 (5.54) | 738 (22.33) | 431 (11.19) |
| 40–49, n (%) | 8191 (15.52) | 6311 (13.83) | 943 (28.53) | 937 (24.32) |
| 50–59, n (%) | 12,609 (23.89) | 10,595 (23.22) | 930 (28.14) | 1084 (28.13) |
| 60–69, n (%) | 12,625 (23.92) | 11,564 (25.35) | 289 (8.74) | 772 (20.04) |
| ≥ 70, n (%) | 14,322 (27.14) | 13,829 (30.31) | 20 (0.61) | 473 (12.28) |
| Age at fracture diagnosis, mean (SD), yearsb | 63.58 (12.98) | 64.42 (12.66) | 49.30 (11.56) | 58.07 (12.96) |
| Time from index date to fracture diagnosis, mean (SD), yearsb | 2.55 (2.07) | 2.52 (2.07) | 2.85 (1.90) | 2.78 (2.14) |
| Sex, Male, n (%) | 33,046 (62.61) | 28,918 (63.39) | 1909 (57.76) | 2219 (57.59) |
| Comorbiditiesc | ||||
| Diabetes, n (%) E10–E14 | 33,860 (64.16) | 30,061 (65.90) | 1501 (45.42) | 2298 (59.64) |
| Hypertension, n (%) I10–I15 | 47,863 (90.69) | 41,189 (90.29) | 3141 (95.04) | 3533 (91.69) |
| Cardiovascular, n (%) I20–I25 | 12,977 (24.59) | 11,500 (25.21) | 536 (16.22) | 941 (24.42) |
| Cerebrovascular, n (%) I60–I69 | 7950 (15.06) | 7385 (16.19) | 191 (5.78) | 374 (9.71) |
| Chronic lung disease, n (%) J40–J47 | 10,986 (20.82) | 9905 (21.71) | 494 (14.95) | 587 (15.23) |
| Chronic liver disease, n (%) K70.3, K70.4, K72.1, K73, K74 | 2239 (4.24) | 2022 (4.43) | 69 (2.09) | 148 (3.84) |
| Medications at baseline | ||||
| Steroid | 5634 (10.68) | 4099 (8.99) | 1228 (37.16) | 307 (7.97) |
| Vitamin D and its analog | 7848 (14.87) | 5733 (12.57) | 999 (30.23) | 1116 (28.96) |
| Phosphate binder | 23,031 (43.64) | 18,046 (39.56) | 2449 (74.10) | 2536 (65.82) |
| Anti-osteoporotic agent | 1208 (2.29) | 1095 (2.40) | 48 (1.45) | 65 (1.69) |
| Anti-depressant | 7552 (14.31) | 6692 (14.67) | 309 (9.35) | 551 (14.3) |
| Opioids | 2812 (5.33) | 2621 (5.75) | 73 (2.21) | 118 (3.06) |
| Gabapentinoids | 4517 (8.56) | 4149 (9.09) | 123 (3.72) | 245 (6.36) |
aP value was based on analysis of variance (ANOVA), otherwise chi-square test.
bAnalyzed in patients with fracture (n = 8995) only.
cComorbidities and medications were observed 1 year before index date; dialysis date or kidney transplant date.
HD hemodialysis, KT kidney transplant, PD peritoneal dialysis, SD standard deviation.