TABLE 1.
Summarization of virus-induced macrophage polarization.
| Virus | Family | Viral genome type | Polarized phenotype | References |
| Junin virus (JUNV) | Arenaviridae | −ssRNA | Attenuated Candid 1 strain: M1; Pathogenic P strain: M2 | Ferrer et al., 2019 |
| Influenza virus (IV) | Orthomyxoviridae | Segmented −ssRNA | M1 | Zhang et al., 2018 |
| Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) | Bunyaviridae | Segmented −ssRNA | M2 | Zhang L. et al., 2019 |
| Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) | Picornaviridae | +ssRNA | M1 | Sebastian et al., 2020 |
| Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) | Picornaviridae | +ssRNA | Male: M1; Female: M2 | Li et al., 2009 |
| Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) | Arteriviridae | +ssRNA | M2 | Wang et al., 2017 |
| West Nile virus (WNV) | Flaviviridae | +ssRNA | M1 | Stone et al., 2019 |
| Hepatitis C virus (HCV) | Flaviviridae | +ssRNA | M2 | Bility et al., 2016 |
| Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) | Coronaviridae | +ssRNA | M2 | Boumaza et al., 2021 |
| Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) | Retroviridae | +ssRNA | Acute phase: M1; Chronic phase: M2 | Burdo et al., 2015 |
| Hepatitis B virus (HBV) | Hepadnaviridae | cccDNA | M2 | Bility et al., 2014 |
| Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) | Herpesviridae | dsDNA | M2 | Zhang B. et al., 2020 |
| Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) | Herpesviridae | dsDNA | M1 | Chan et al., 2008 |
| African swine fever virus (ASFV) | Asfarviridae | dsDNA | M1 | Tatoyan et al., 2020 |