Table 1.
Characteristics of the subjects according to nutritional status and oral function
| Measurement | Unit | Women (n = 73) | Men (n = 44) | p‐Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Median | Range | Mean ± SD | Median | Range | |||
| Age | years | 51.2 ± 6.5 | 52.0 | 40.0–64.0 | 49.2 ± 6.6 | 47.5 | 40.0–64.0 | 0.11 |
| Nutritional status | ||||||||
| BMI | kg/m2 | 22.7 ± 4.2 | 22.0 | 16.5–34.6 | 23.7 ± 2.6 | 23.8 | 17.2–28.3 | <0.01* |
| FFMI | kg/m2 | 15.6 ± 1.6 | 15.2 | 13.0–20.0 | 18.3 ± 1.5 | 18.3 | 14.7–20.7 | <0.01* |
| SMI | kg/m2 | 8.4 ± 1.0 | 8.2 | 6.8–11.2 | 10.2 ± 1.0 | 10.3 | 8.0–11.7 | <0.01* |
| Oral secretory function | ||||||||
| Mucosal wetness | 25.3 ± 2.4 | 25.6 | 19.2–29.5 | 25.3 ± 2.4 | 25.9 | 18.6–29.5 | 0.97 | |
| Oral motor function | ||||||||
| Number of teeth present | n | 25.3 ± 4.6 | 27.0 | 8.0–32.0 | 25.7 ± 4.2 | 27.0 | 8.0–29.0 | 0.72 |
| Masticatory performance | mg/dL | 176.9 ± 55.0 | 173.0 | 58.0–312.0 | 187.6 ± 64.4 | 199.0 | 38.0–340.0 | 0.19 |
| Maximum tongue pressure | kPa | 34.9 ± 7.0 | 35.0 | 13.4–49.8 | 40.1 ± 8.3 | 39.9 | 19.6–58.4 | <0.01* |
| Lip‐seal strength | N | 12.0 ± 3.1 | 11.0 | 6.8–21.2 | 13.6 ± 3.9 | 13.5 | 6.3–22.8 | 0.04* |
| Oral diadochokinetic rate | ||||||||
| /pa/ | n/s | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 6.4 | 4.0–7.8 | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 6.6 | 4.6–8.0 | 0.42 |
| /ta/ | n/s | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 6.8 | 4.6–8.4 | 6.8 ± 0.8 | 6.8 | 5.4–8.2 | 0.99 |
| /ka/ | n/s | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 6.2 | 3.2–7.8 | 6.1 ± 0.9 | 6.2 | 3.0–7.8 | 0.54 |
Note: Mann–Whitney U test; *p < 0.05.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FFMI, fat‐free mass index; SD, standard deviation; SMI, Skeletal muscle mass index.