Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and competing risk survival analyses of HCC patients.
| Factors | No. of Patients (N=8829) | Univariable | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-CSD | P-OCSD | SHR (95%CI) | P | ||
| Year of Diagnosis | <0.001 | 0.003 | |||
| 2004-2009 | 4020 (45.5) | Reference | |||
| 2010-2015 | 4809 (54.5) | 0.788 (0.736-0.845) | <0.001 | ||
| Age | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| ≤72 | 7284 (82.5) | Reference | |||
| >72 | 1545 (17.5) | 1.206 (1.109-1.312) | <0.001 | ||
| Gender | 0.444 | 0.055 | |||
| Female | 2219 (25.1) | Reference | |||
| Male | 6610 (74.9) | 1.115 (1.029-1.207) | 0.007 | ||
| Race | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| White | 5752 (65.1) | Reference | |||
| Asia-Pacific | 1791 (20.3) | 0.813 (0.745-0.888) | <0.001 | ||
| Black | 1154 (13.1) | 1.041 (0.944-1.147) | 0.420 | ||
| Other | 132 (1.5) | 0.712 (0.526-0.965) | 0.028 | ||
| Income† | 0.841 | 0.150 | |||
| Below the median | 5109 (57.9) | Reference | |||
| Above the median | 3720 (42.1) | 0.951 (0.887-1.019) | 0.150 | ||
| AFP | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Negative | 2494 (28.2) | Reference | |||
| Positive | 4319 (48.9) | 1.359 (1.252-1.476) | <0.001 | ||
| Borderline/Unknown | 2016 (22.8) | 1.254 (1.140-1.380) | <0.001 | ||
| First Malignant | 0.030 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 7654 (84.7) | Reference | |||
| No | 1175 (13.3) | 0.912 (0.824-1.009) | 0.075 | ||
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | <0.001 | 0.002 | |||
| Yes | 992 (11.2) | Reference | |||
| No | 7837 (88.8) | 1.164 (1.003-1.352) | 0.046 | ||
| Tumor Number | <0.001 | 0.052 | |||
| Single | 6332 (71.7) | Reference | |||
| Multiple | 2497 (28.3) | 1.054 (0.921-1.206) | 0.440 | ||
| Tumor Size | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| ≤28mm | 3360 (38.1) | Reference | |||
| 28-95mm | 4556 (51.6) | 1.457 (1.325-1.603) | <0.001 | ||
| >95mm | 913 (10.3) | 2.122 (1.845-2.440) | <0.001 | ||
| Surgery | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| LD | 2510 (28.4) | Reference | |||
| LR | 3905 (44.2) | 0.650 (0.598-0.708) | <0.001 | ||
| LT | 2414 (27.3) | 0.227 (0.200-0.258) | <0.001 | ||
| T Stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| T1a | 1250 (14.2) | Reference | |||
| T1b | 3821 (43.3) | 0.907 (0.792-1.040) | 0.160 | ||
| T2 | 2583 (29.3) | 1.157 (0.979-1.367) | 0.086 | ||
| T3 | 656 (7.4) | 1.727 (1.365-2.185) | <0.001 | ||
| T4 | 467 (5.3) | 1.950 (1.602-2.373) | <0.001 | ||
| TX | 52 (0.6) | 1.147 (0.765-1.720) | 0.510 | ||
| N Stage | <0.001 | 0.274 | |||
| N0 | 1290 (14.6) | Reference | |||
| N1 | 56 (0.6) | 1.785 (1.187-2.684) | 0.005 | ||
| NX | 7483 (84.8) | 1.053 (0.940-1.180) | 0.370 | ||
| M Stage | <0.001 | 0.350 | |||
| M0 | 8669 (98.2) | Reference | |||
| M1 | 160 (1.8) | 1.680 (1.323-2.134) | <0.001 | ||
| Grade‡ | <0.001 | 0.002 | |||
| G1-G2 | 5475 (62.0) | Reference | |||
| G3-G4 | 1300 (14.7) | 1.446 (1.311-1.595) | <0.001 | ||
| Unknown | 2054 (23.3) | 1.141 (1.049-1.240) | 0.002 | ||
| Liver Cirrhosis | <0.001 | 0.276 | |||
| No | 999 (11.3) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 2161 (24.5) | 1.225 (1.079-1.390) | 0.002 | ||
| Unknown | 5669 (64.2) | 1.254 (1.140-1.380) | <0.001 | ||
HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma; AFP, Alpha fetoprotein; LD, Local destruction; LR, Liver resection; LT, Liver transplantation; CSD, Cancer-specific death; OCSD, Other cause-specific death; SHR, Subdistribution hazard ratio; CI, Confidence interval.
†U.S. Census Bureau, Real Median Household Income in the United States [MEHOINUSA672N], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA672N, June 26, 2021.
‡G1, Well differentiated; G2, Moderately differentiated; G3, Poorly differentiated; G4, Undifferentiated.