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. 2022 Feb 21;14(2):465. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020465

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Promotion of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) by non-thermal, biocompatible plasma (NBP)-treatment of the chitosan scaffold. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (a) activity assay of BMSCs seeded on polystyrene and chitosan control scaffolds, and chitosan scaffolds treated for 5 min with DBD-based NBP. (b) ALP activity of control without chitosan and with chitosan (control and 5-min NBP-treated) at 1, 4, and 7 days. (c) Detection of mineralization on BMSCs on untreated (control) and 5-min NBP-treated scaffolds at days 1, 4, and 7. Significant differences were indicated as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.0001 by Tukey test after one-way analysis of variance. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments.