Table 1.
Summary of polymer-based wound dressings loaded with bioactive agents for diabetic wounds.
| Types of Wound Dressing | Used Polymers | Loaded Bioactive Agents | Results | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanofiber | Gelatin and cellulose | Glybenclamide and metformin | Accelerated wound healing process and good biocompatibility | [57] |
| Nanofiber | PEG and PCL | EGF | Superior wound healing process | [58] |
| Nanofiber | Polylactide | Doxycycline | Excellent mechanical performance, antibacterial effects, and excellent diabetic wound healing properties | [59] |
| Nanofiber | PCL and gum tragacanth | Curcumin | Bead-free morphology and full wound closure on day 15. | [60] |
| Nanofiber | PU and carboxymethylcellulose | Malva sylvestris plant extract | Good diabetic wound healing rate | [61] |
| Nanofiber | Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and PEO | beta-glucan | Non-toxic and accelerated wound closure. | [62] |
| Nanofiber | poly-N-acetyl glucosamine | polydeoxyribonucleotide | High rate of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. | [63] |
| Nanofiber | polyethersulfone | henceforth CD34+ cells | The fast diabetic wound healing process | [64] |
| Nanofiber | PCL | Bixin | Sustained drug release and accelerated wound healing. | [65] |
| Nanofiber | PLGA | PDGF, vancomycin, and gentamicin | Sustained drug release and accelerated wound healing. | [66] |
| Nanofiber | PCL | Sodium percarbonate | Superior vascularization. | [67] |
| Nanofiber | Cellulose acetate | Ag nanoparticles | High antibacterial efficacy and accelerated diabetic wound contraction. | [68] |
| Nanofiber | PCL | Curcumin | Excellent biocompatibility and increased rate of wound reduction | [69] |
| Nanofiber | PLGA | Insulin | Good mechanical performance and prolong drug release | [70] |
| Nanofibers | Chitosan and PVA | ZnO | Excellent antibacterial effects and accelerated diabetic wounds | [71] |
| Nanofibers | PVP and PCL | Pioglitazone | Non-toxicity and sustained drug release. | [72] |
| Film | Sodium alginate | Vicenin-2 | Faster diabetic wound recovery | [76] |
| Film | Chitosan | Alcoholic extracts | Excellent biocompatibility | [77] |
| Film | Chitosan | Fibroblast growth factors | High diabetic wound contraction rate | [78] |
| Film | Cellulose and PVA | Propolis and vitamin C | High swelling rate, controlled drug release, and accelerated diabetic wound healing | [79] |
| Film | Fibroin | Aloe gel | Excellent mechanical properties and fibroblast distribution and collagen fiber organization. | [80] |
| Film | Fibroin and chitosan | ADSCs | Good diabetic wound closure. | [81] |
| Film | PVA and cellulose | Curcumin | Good antibacterial effects and significantly diabetic wound closure. | [82] |
| Film | Chitosan | Retinoic acid | Increased wound reduction rate. | [83] |
| Film | Collagen | Biotinylated GHK peptide | Accelerated wound healing | [84] |
| Film | PVP and PVA | Sodium fusidate | Excellent mechanical performance | [85] |
| Film | Cellulose | Selenium | Fast diabetic wound healing rate | [86] |
| Membrane | PHBV | Cerium Oxide nanoparticles | Significant enhancement in cell infiltration and granulation tissue formation | [88] |
| Membrane | PVA and PLA | GFs | Excellent cell migration and proliferation | [89] |
| Membrane | HA | Human keratinocytes | The good clinical wound healing process | [90] |
| Membrane | PLGA and collagen | Glucophage | The faster wound healing process | [91] |
| Membrane | PLGA | Metformin | Enhanced the wound healing and re-epithelialization in diabetic rats | [92] |
| Membrane | PLLA | Dimethyloxalylglycine | Burst drug released followed by sustained drug release. | [93] |
| Membrane | Cellulose acetate | Sesamol | Improved diabetic wound healing | [94] |
| Membrane | PLGA and cellulose | Neurotensin | Sustained drug release and faster wound healing process | [95] |
| Hydrogel | Poly-ε-L-lysine, HA, and pluronic | Adipose mesenchymal stem cells | Increased diabetic wound rate | [100] |
| Hydrogel | HA and PEG | Stem cell | Good mechanical properties and faster diabetic wound healing. | [101] |
| Hydrogel | PEG and PVA | Fibroblasts and insulin | Accelerated wound repair | [102] |
| Hydrogel | HA | Human adipose stem cells | Improved wound closure rate | [103] |
| Hydrogel | Gelatin | Chemotactic cytokines | Accelerated wound healing | [104] |
| Hydrogel | Sodium carboxymethylcellulose | B. orientale | Fast wound recovery | [105] |
| Hydrogel | Pluronic F-127 | ADSCs | Accelerated wound healing | [106] |
| Hydrogel | PU | AASCs | Fast diabetic wound | [107] |
| Hydrogel | Chitosan | Exosomes | Accelerate angiogenesis and wound surface re-epithelialization | [108] |
| Hydrogel | PPCN | SDF-1 | Improved epithelial maturation and granulation tissue production | [109] |
| Hydrogel | Konjac glucomannan | Avena sativa | Support collagen expression, keratinocyte migration, fibroblast attachment, and proliferation | [110] |
| Hydrogel | Chitosan | L-glutamic acid | Promotes collagen deposition and accelerates vascularization | [111] |
| Hydrogel | Gelatin | Curcumin | Good cell migration | [112] |
| Hydrogel | Chitosan and PEG | Ag nanoparticles | Controlled drug release and diabetic wound stimulation. | [113] |
| Hydrogel | poly-(polyethyleneglycol citrate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) | Copper metal-organic framework | Enhanced dermal cell migration and improved wound closure rates | [114] |
| Hydrogel | PVA | Nitric Oxide | Enhance diabetic wound healing | [115] |
| Hydrogel | HA | DNA | Enhanced development of granulation tissue | [116] |
| Hydrogel | poly (γ-glutamic acid) and chitosan | Superoxide dismutase | Good cytocompatibility and accelerated wound healing process | [117] |
| Hydrogel | Gelatin | Cerium-containing bioactive glass nanoparticles | Good antibacterial effects | [118] |
| Hydrogel | chitosan-dextran | Ag nanoparticles | Broad-spectrum and long-lasting antibacterial activity | [119] |
| Foam | PU | RhEGF | Moderate WVTR and good biocompatibility | [122] |
| Foam | PVA | Gentian violet and methylene blue | High wound reduction rate | [123] |
| Foam | PU | Ag nanoparticle | Fast wound healing rate | [124] |
| Foam | PU | Ag nanoparticle | Good antibacterial efficacy | [125] |
| Foam | PU | Ag | Good diabetic wound closure | [126] |
| Foam | Silk fibroin | Gastrodia elata and tea tree oil | High porosity and excellent biocompatibility | [127] |
| Foam | Chitosan | Neurotensin | High wound healing reduction | [128] |
| Foam | Silicone | Silver | Positive diabetic wound closure and reduction in size | [129] |
| Wafer | Calcium alginate | Ciprofloxacin | High porosity and burst drug release followed the sustained release with good antibacterial efficacy | [132] |
| Wafer | Xanthan gum | Silymarin | Good cell migration | [133] |
| Wafer | Sodium alginate and gelatin | Diosmin nanocrystals | Sustained drug release and well-developed granulation tissue, well-organized dermal layers, complete re-epithelialization, and mature collagen bundles in diabetic wounds. | [134] |
| Sponges | Chitosan and collagen | Recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factors | Enhanced diabetic wound healing | [138] |
| Sponge | HA and chitosan | Ag nanoparticle | Good antibacterial effects and good cytocompatibility | [139] |
| Sponge | Chitosan | TMC nanoparticles | Faster diabetic wound healing | [140] |
| Sponge | Chitosan and HA | VEGFs | Burst release of GFs followed by sustained release. | [141] |
| Sponge | HA and collagen | EGF | Promoted blood vascular formation and granulation tissue development. | [142] |
| Sponge | Chitosan and silk | GMSC-derived exosomes | Enhanced deposition, re-epithelialization, and remodeling of ECM | [144] |
| Sponge | Collagen | Gementacin | Good pathogen eradication in diabetic wound | [143] |
| Sponge | Chitosan and alginate | Curcumin and honey | Sustained drug release and faster wound healing | [145] |
| Sponge | Chitosan and collagen | Thymosin beta 4 | Enhanced diabetic cutaneous wound healing | [146] |
| Bandages | Chitosan | ZnO nanoparticles | Good cytocompatibility and antibacterial effects. | [147] |
| Bandage | Chitin | ZnO nanoparticles | excellent antibacterial activity and high cell adhesion and migration | [149] |
| Bandage | Sodium alginate | EGF and curcumin | Non-toxicity and good biocompatibility | [148] |
| Bandage | Chitosan | Fluconazole and ciprofloxacin | High porosity and sustained drug release with good antimicrobial effects | [150] |