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Role of gut microbiota in the production of active phytochemicals from cruciferous vegetables. (a) Indole-3-carbinol and 3,3′-diindolylmethane are generated from inert glucosinolates after digestion. (b) Glucoraphanin, a glucosinolate found almost exclusively in broccoli is converted into the chemopreventive compound sulforaphane through enzymatic catalysis by plant myrosinase or β-thioglucosidases in the gut microflora.
