Table 2.
Type of microneedle system.
| Microneedle | Material | Technique Employed | Approach | Type of Product | Improvements | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Microneedles | Silicon | Dry and Wet Etching | Poke and Patch | Docetaxel Liposomes | Skin permeation | [75] |
| Derma-roller | NA | Topical 5-FU | Invitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity | [76] | ||
| MNs coated with ZnONanowires | Photolithography | Paclitaxel | 10% increase in reduction of tumor size compared to conventional method | [77] | ||
| Stainless Steel | - | Combinational (Mesoporous Nano Particles) Therapy of Phthalocyanine, Dabrafenib, Trametinib | Inhibited cell proliferation and anti-tumor activity by reactive oxygen species | [78] | ||
| Coated Microneedles | Stainless Steel | Infrared Laser Cutting, Ink-jet Printing |
Coat and Poke | 5-FU, Curcumin and Cisplatin | Ink-jet printing on SS Microneedles | [79] |
| Stainless Steel | Wet Etching | PLGA Nanoparticles of DOX | Effective local delivery for oral cancer | [80] | ||
| Stainless Steel | Manual Coating | Octa-Arginine siRNA Nanocomplexes | Induced BRAF gene, which is responsible for melanoma development, induce tumor apoptosis and proliferation | [81] | ||
| Polycarbonate | Dip Coating | Immunotherapy using DNA Polyplexes and Poly Adjuvant | Induced humoral and cellular immunity facilitated targeting and activation of skin | [82] | ||
| Hallow Microneedles | Nickel | - | Poke and Flow | DOX | Increased drug diffusion coefficient | [83] |
| Stainless Steel | - | 5-FU | Effective against gastric cancer cells | [84] | ||
| Silicon | Manual Coating | HPV 16 E6 siRNA | Targeted delivery and inhibited tumor progression and observed no major adverse reactions | [85] | ||
| Dissolving Microneedles | Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) |
Micro Molding | Poke and Dissolve | DOX | Improved permeation | [37] |
| Zein | Micro Molding | Tamoxifen and Gemcitabine | No improvement for tamoxifen, observed great permeation in gemcitabine | [86] | ||
| Sodium CMC | Micro Molding | Lipid-XoatedCisplatin Nanoparticles | Enhanced cytotoxicity and reduced tumor size | [87] | ||
| Pluronic F127 | Micro Molding | Cancer Vaccination for EG7-OVA Tumor | Improved antigen-specific humoral and cellular immunity | [88] | ||
| Hydrogel Microneedles | PLGA | Multiple Casting | Poke and Swell | Amphotericin | Controlled, prolonged release of drug for a week | [37,89] |
| Ethylene Glycol Methylvinylether-co-maleic acid |
Molding | Metformin HCl | Sustained release | [39] | ||
| PEG-PMVE/MA | Micro Molding | Anti-Microbial | No microbial invasion through skin | [90] |