Table 3.
Seminal parameters of the study cohort according to TyG index suggesting insulin resistance (N = 726).
| Overall (N = 726) |
TyG Index < 8.1 (N = 387) |
TyG Index ≥ 8.1 (N = 339) |
p Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idiopathic NOA [No. (%)] | 147 (19.7) | 63 (16.3) | 84 (24.8) | <0.001 |
| Semen volume (mL) | 0.8 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 3.0 (2–4) | 3.0 (2–5) | 3.0 (2–4) | |
| Range | 0.9–13.0 | 0.9–10.0 | 1.0–13.0 | |
| Sperm concentration | 0.03 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 10.0 (2–29) | 12.0 (2.8–30.0) | 8.0 (1.5–25.0) | |
| Range | 0.5–455.3 | 0.5–305.9 | 0.5–455.3 | |
| Sperm concentration < 15 × 106/mL [No. (%)] | 426 (58.6) | 205 (52.9) | 221 (65.1) | 0.01 |
| Progressive motility | 0.4 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 21.0 (10–35) | 21.0 (10–35) | 20.0 (9–35) | |
| Range | 0.0–78.0 | 0.0–75.0 | 0.0–78.0 | |
| Progressive motility < 32% [No. (%)] | 507 (69.8) | 264 (68.2) | 243 (71.6) | 0.3 |
| Normal morphology | 0.2 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 2.0 (1–7) | 2.0 (1–6) | 2.0 (1–7) | |
| Range | 0.0–100 | 0.0–100.0 | 0.0–92.0 | |
| Normal morphology < 4% [No. (%)] | 459 (63.2) | 240 (62.0) | 219 (64.6) | 0.5 |
| Number of sperm alterations [No. (%)] | 0.2 | |||
| 0 | 66 (9.1) | 39 (10.1) | 27 (7.9) | |
| 1 | 188 (25.8) | 109 (28.1) | 79 (23.3) | |
| 2 | 225 (30.9) | 115 (29.7) | 110 (32.4) | |
| 3 | 247 (34.0) | 124 (32.1) | 123 (36.4) | |
| Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) index | 0.01 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 34.5 (21.2–51.7) | 28.0 (18.5–48.5) | 38.2 (23.1–53.7) | |
| Range | 0.4–99.8 | 0.4–97.7 | 0.4–99.8 | |
| SDF index > 30% [No. (%)] | 403 (55.5) | 188 (48.7) | 215 (63.4) | <0.01 |
Keys: TyG index = Triglycerides/glucose index; NOA = Non obstructive azoospermia; SDF = Sperm DNA fragmenta-tion index. * p value according to the Mann-Whitney test for continuous data and the Chi Square Test for categorical variables, as indicated.