TABLE 1.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics of the Study Population with and without LMD
| Characteristic | Overall N= 5146 | Left main stenosis ≥ 50% N=414 |
No Left main stenosis ≥ 50% N=4732 |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age at Enrollment | 63.4 (56.6 – 69.7) | 64.6 (59.1 – 70.5) | 63.3 (56.4 – 69.7) | <.001 |
| Male | 3816 (74.2%) | 367 (88.6%) | 3449 (72.9%) | <.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.008 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 2464/4769 (51.7%) | 189/384 (49.2%) | 2275/4385 (51.9%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1310/4769 (27.5%) | 130/384 (33.9%) | 1180/4385 (26.9%) | |
| Other | 995/4769 (20.9%) | 65/384 (16.9%) | 930/4385 (21.2%) | |
| Cardiovascular Risk Factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 3472/5120 (67.8%) | 268/412 (65.0%) | 3204/4708 (68.1%) | 0.210 |
| Diabetes | 1888 (36.7%) | 146 (35.3%) | 1742 (36.8%) | 0.531 |
| Cigarette Smoking | 0.693 | |||
| Never Smoked | 2365/5017 (47.1%) | 187/380 (49.2%) | 2178/4637 (47.0%) | |
| Former Smoker | 2021/5017 (40.3%) | 148/380 (38.9%) | 1873/4637 (40.4%) | |
| Current Smoker | 631/5017 (12.6%) | 45/380 (11.8%) | 586/4637 (12.6%) | |
| Cardiovascular Disease History | ||||
| Prior MI | 684/5106 (13.4%) | 36/400 (9.0%) | 648/4706 (13.8%) | 0.007 |
| Baseline Labs | ||||
| eGFR (ml/min) | 86 (73 – 101) | 83 (73 – 99) | 86 (73 – 101) | 0.511 |
| Imaging and Stress Test | ||||
| Modality | <.001 | |||
| Nuclear SPECT/PET | 2286 (44.4%) | 158(38.2%) | 2128 (45.0%) | |
| SE | 1279 (24.9%) | 89 (21.5%) | 1190 (25.0%) | |
| ETT | 1581(30.7%) | 167 (40.3%) | 1414 (29.9%) | |
| Number of ischemic segments on SE | 4 (3 – 5) | 4 (3 – 6) | 4 (3 – 5) | 0.008 |
| Number of infarcted segments on SE | 0 (0 – 0) | 0 (0 – 0) | 0 (0 – 0) | 0.311 |
| Summed difference score on SPECT | 8 (7 – 11) | 9 (7 – 12) | 8 (7 – 11) | <.001 |
| Summed stress score on SPECT | 9 (7 – 14) | 11 (8 – 15) | 9 (7 – 14) | 0.007 |
| TID (Transient ischemic dilation in the LV) on SPECT | 309/2286 (13.5%) | 26/158 (16.5%) | 283/2128 (13.3%) | 0.263 |
| TID (Transient ischemic dilation in the LV) on SE | 349/1279 (27.3%) | 38/89 (42.7%) | 311/1190 (26.1%) | <.001 |
| Maximum ST Depression in Any Lead on ETT, mm | 2.5 (2.0 – 3.1) | 2.7 (2.2 – 3.3) | 2.4 (2.0 – 3.1) | 0.001 |
| Peak METs on ETT | <.001 | |||
| < 7 | 579/1167 (49.6%) | 48/68 (70.6%) | 531/1099 (48.3%) | |
| ≥ 7 | 588/1167 (50.4%) | 20/68 (29.4%) | 568/1099 (51.7%) | |
| Severe or moderate anterior ischemia on SPECT | 683/2285 (29.9%) | 58/158 (36.7%) | 625/2127 (29.4%) | 0.052 |
| Severe or moderate anterior ischemia on SE | 422/1277 (33.0%) | 40/89 (44.9%) | 382/1188 (32.2%) | 0.013 |
| LAD + LCX ischemia on SPECT | 201/2286 (8.8%) | 16/158 (10.1%) | 185/2128 (8.7%) | 0.539 |
| LAD + LCX ischemia on SE | 211/5146 (4.1%) | 22/89 (24.7%) | 189/1190 (15.9%) | 0.03 |
| Coronary Anatomy on CCTA | ||||
| Number of Diseased Vessels with ≥70% stenosis | <.001 | |||
| 0 | 1016/5146 (19.7) | 15/414 (3.6) | 1001/4732 (21.2) | |
| 1 | 1048/5146 (20.4) | 49/414 (11.8) | 999/4732 (21.1) | |
| 2 | 776/5146 (15.1) | 97/414 (23.4) | 679/4732 (14.3) | |
| 3 | 551/5146 (10.7) | 113/414 (27.3) | 438/4732 (9.3) | |
| Non-evaluable | 1755/5146 (34.1) | 140/414 (33.8) | 1615/4732 (34.1) | |
| Multi-vessel Disease with ≥70% stenosis | <.001 | |||
| No | 2511/5146 (48.8) | 86/414 (20.8) | 2425/4732 (51.2) | |
| Yes | 1633/5146 (31.7) | 256/414 (61.8) | 1377/4732 (29.1) | |
| Not evaluable | 1002/5146 (19.5) | 72/414 (17.4) | 930/4732 (19.7) |
Continuous variables are presented as medians (Q1, Q3) and categorical variables are presented as counts (column percentages). The number of diseased vessels was not evaluable if pre-determined key segments were not interpretable for stenosis severity.