Figure 5.
The common nanoprobes in glioblastoma imaging. (a) The common pathways of photothermal and photodynamic therapy [85]. The * symbols next to the atomic or atomic group indicates that there are no paired electrons. (b) The mechanism of carbon nanodot with simultaneous laser irradiation to induce photothermal effect and fluorescence [89]. (c) The two ROS generated ultrasmall Cu2−xSe quantum dots by electron transfer and energy transfer [83]. Adapted with permission from Refs. [83,85,89]. Copyright 2009 Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018 and 2020 American Chemical Society.