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. 2022 Jan 24;8(2):109. doi: 10.3390/jof8020109

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The mechanism of action of mitoprotease peptidases. Mitoproteases are the diverse group of enzymes that transport the biologically active proteins from cytosol to the inner mitochondrion to carry out the correct signals necessary for cellular processes [182]. Mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) is the part of the mitochondrial matrix that comprises two subunits such as PMPCA and PMPCB (protease mitochondrial processing peptidase subunit a and b) [183]. Mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIP) promotes the cleavage of octapeptide and X-Pro aminopeptidase 3 (XPNPEP3) that removed the amino acids from the amino-terminal of the MPP. Some proteins also pass through further photolytic cleavage via IMMP1L and IMMP2L. IMMPs attack the carboxy-terminal sequence (CTS) to promote cellular assembly [184]. Met aminopeptidase 1D (METAP1D) attacks on amino terminals of the initial Met of some of the polypeptides in order to get functionally active proteins [180]. This figure is reproduced from Quiros et al. [181] after permission from Springer Nature (License No. 5197691283486).