Table 5.

Fungal protease inhibitors for biomedical applications.

Type of Fungal Protease Inhibitors	Proteases Inhibited	Family	Activity	Inhibitory Mechanism	Application	Reference
Survivin (Cysteine inhibitor)	Caspases- specific cysteine proteases	C14	Antifungal	Tight binding	Role as a mitotic regulator of cell division and as an inhibitor of caspase activation in the process of apoptosis.	[226,227]
Diosgenin (Metalloprotease inhibitor)	Metalloproteases	M15	Antifungal	Tight binding	These inhibit the secreted metallopeptidase relevant in brain invasion by cryptococcal cells, causing meningoencephalitis.	[228,229]
Serpin (Serine inhibitor)	Serine Proteases	C1 and C14	Antifungal	Trapping traps the serine protease in a covalent complex	Fungal serpins as a therapeutic benefit toward several inflammation-related complications.	[230]
Saccharo (Pepsin, aspartic acid inhibitor) (IA3)	Aspartic acid proteases	C1	Antifungal	Tight binding	Role as an inhibitor in the process of apoptosis and cancer.	[231]
Streptomyces (Metallopeptidase inhibitor)	Metalloproteases	C14	Antifungal	Tight binding	Role as an inhibitor in tumor invasion and metastasis (the most validated target for cancer).	[228,232]
RflP-1 (Rhamnus frangula inhibitor proteases)	Serine protease	C14	Antifungal	Trapping	Role in free radical scavenging activities.	[233]