Table 1.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors approved for human use.
| Drug | Molecular Target | Antibody Description | US FDA Approved Indications | EU/EMA Approved Indications | China NMPA Approved Indications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atezolizumab | PD-L1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG1-kappa) | Urothelial carcinoma, NSCLC, SCLC, HCC, melanoma | Urothelial carcinoma, NSCLC, SCLC, TNBC, HCC | SCLC, HCC |
| Avelumab | PD-L1 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1-lambda) | MCC, urothelial carcinoma, RCC | MCC, urothelial carcinoma, RCC | Not approved |
| Camrelizumab | PD-1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | NSCLC, HCC, esophageal cancer, cHL, NPC |
| Cemiplimab | PD-1 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | CSCC, BCC, NSCLC | CSCC, BCC, NSCLC | Not approved |
| Durvalumab | PD-L1 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1-kappa) | NSCLC, SCLC | NSCLC, SCLC | NSCLC, SCLC |
| Ipilimumab | CTLA-4 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1-kappa) | Melanoma, RCC, CRC, HCC, NSCLC, MPM | Melanoma, RCC, NSCLC, MPM, dMMR CRC, MSI-H CRC | melanoma, RCC, MSI-H or dMMR CRC |
| Nivolumab | PD-1 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | Melanoma, NSCLC, MPM, RCC, cHL, HNSCC, urothelial carcinoma, MSI-H or dMMR CRC, HCC, ESCC | Melanoma, NSCLC, MPM, RCC, cHL, HNSCC, urothelial carcinoma, MSI-H or dMMR CRC, ESCC, esophageal cancer, GEJC, gastric cancer | Gastric cancer, NSCLC, HNSCC |
| Pembrolizumab | PD-1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | melanoma, NSCLC, SCLC, HNSCC, cHL, PMBCL, urothelial carcinoma, MSI-H or dMMR cancer, MSI-H or dMMR CRC, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, cervical cancer, HCC, MCC, RCC, endometrial carcinoma, TMB-H cancer, CSCC, TNBC | Melanoma, NSCLC, cHL, urothelial carcinoma, HNSCC, RCC, CRC, esophageal cancer, TNBC, endometrial carcinoma | Gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, GEJC, ESCC, NSCLC, melanoma |
| Penpulimab | PD-1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG1-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | cHL |
| Sintilimab | PD-1 | Fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | Gastric cancer, GEJC, cHL, NSCLC, SCLC, HCC |
| Tislelizumab | PD-1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | NSCLC, HCC, cHL, urothelial carcinoma |
| Toripalumab | PD-1 | Humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG4-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | NPC, melanoma |
| Zimberelimab | PD-1 | Fully Human monoclonal antibody (IgG1-kappa) | Not approved | Not approved | cHL |
NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; MCC, Merkel cell carcinoma; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; cHL, classical Hodgkin lymphoma; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; CSCC, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; BCC, basal cell carcinoma; CRC, colorectal cancer; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; MSI-H, microsatellite instability-high; dMMR, mismatch repair deficient; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell cancer; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GEJC, gastroesophageal junction cancer; PMBCL, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma.