Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the transfusion and non-transfusion groups
| Demographic characteristics | Transfusion group(n = 167) | Non-transfusion group(n = 328) | Total(n = 495) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gendera | |||
| Male | 80 (47.90%) | 217 (66.16%) | 297 (60.00%) |
| Female | 87 (52.10%) | 111 (33.84%) | 198 (40.00%) |
| Course of disease(month)a | |||
| ≦6 | 106 (63.47%) | 238 (72.56%) | 344 (69.49%) |
| > 6 | 61 (36.53%) | 90 (27.44%) | 151 (30.51%) |
| marriage | |||
| Yes | 145 (86.83%) | 272 (82.93%) | 417 (84.24%) |
| No | 22 (13.17%) | 56 (17.07%) | 78 (15.76%) |
| Systolic blood pressure(mmHg) | |||
| ≦120 | 62 (37.13%) | 136 (41.46%) | 198 (40.00%) |
| > 120 | 105 (62.87%) | 192 (58.54%) | 297 (60.00%) |
| Diastolic blood pressure(mmHg) | |||
| ≦80 | 95 (56.89%) | 192 (58.54%) | 287 (57.98%) |
| > 80 | 72 (43.11%) | 136 (41.46%) | 208 (42.02%) |
| BMI(kg/m2)a | |||
| < 18.5 | 48 (28.74%) | 85 (25.91%) | 133 (26.87%) |
| 18.5 ~ 24.9 | 107 (64.07%) | 206 (62.80%) | 313 (63.23%) |
| > 25 | 12 (7.19%) | 37 (11.28%) | 49 (9.90%) |
| Paina | |||
| Yes | 164 (98.20%) | 305 (92.99%) | 469 (94.75%) |
| No | 3 (1.80%) | 23 (7.01%) | 26 (5.25%) |
| Lower limb pain | |||
| Yes | 95 (56.89%) | 170 (51.83%) | 265 (53.54%) |
| No | 72 (43.11%) | 158 (48.17%) | 230,946.46%) |
| Number of lower limb pain | |||
| 0 | 71 (42.51%) | 158 (48.17%) | 229 (46.26%) |
| 1 | 18 (10.78%) | 57 (17.38%) | 75 (15.15%) |
| 2 | 78 (46.71%) | 113 (34.45%) | 191 (38.59%) |
| Fatigue | |||
| Yes | 52 (31.14%) | 98 (29.88%) | 150 (30.30%) |
| No | 115 (68.86%) | 230 (70.12%) | 345 (69.70%) |
| Fever | |||
| Yes | 55 (32.93%) | 88 (26.83%) | 143 (28.89%) |
| No | 112 (67.07%) | 240 (73.17%) | 352 (71.11%) |
| Night sweatsa | |||
| Yes | 47 (28.14%) | 72 (21.95%) | 119 (24.04%) |
| No | 120 (71.86%) | 256 (78.05%) | 376 (75.96%) |
| Appetitea | |||
| Yes | 89 (53.29%) | 215 (65.55%) | 304 (61.41%) |
| No | 78 (46.71%) | 113 (34.45%) | 191 (38.59%) |
| Weight loss | |||
| Yes | 73 (43.71%) | 117 (35.67%) | 190 (38.38%) |
| No | 94 (56.29%) | 211 (64.33%) | 305 (61.62%) |
| Surgical approach | |||
| Anterior | 99 (59.28%) | 190 (57.93%) | 289 (58.38%) |
| Posterior | 63 (37.73%) | 130 (39.63%) | 193 (38.99%) |
| Anteroposterior | 5 (2.99%) | 8 (2.44%) | 13 (2.63%) |
| Focal segmentala | |||
| ≦2 | 124 (74.25%) | 273 (83.23%) | 397 (80.20%) |
| > 3 | 43 (25.75%) | 55 (16.77%) | 98 (19.80%) |
| Intervertebral fusion device | |||
| Yes | 82 (49.10%) | 147 (44.82%) | 229 (46.26%) |
| No | 85 (50.90%) | 181 (55.18%) | 266 (53.74%) |
| Internal fixationa | |||
| Yes | 158 (94.61%) | 281 (85.67%) | 439 (88.69%) |
| No | 9 (5.39%) | 47 (14.33%) | 56 (11.31%) |
| ODIa | |||
| ≦18 | 87 (52.10%) | 206 (62.80%) | 293 (59.19%) |
| > 18 | 80 (47.90%) | 122 (37.20%) | 202 (40.81%) |
| JOA | |||
| ≦20 | 106 (63.47%) | 190 (57.93%) | 296 (59.80%) |
| > 20 | 61 (36.53%) | 138 (42.07%) | 199 (40.20%) |
| VAS | |||
| ≦7 | 83 (49.70%) | 167 (50.91%) | 250 (50.51%) |
| > 7 | 84 (50.30%) | 161 (49.09%) | 245 (49.49%) |
| ASIA | |||
| Unimpaired | 100 (59.88%) | 219 (66.77%) | 319 (64.44%) |
| Impaired | 67 (40.12%) | 109 (33.23%) | 176 (35.56%) |
| Age(year)a | |||
| < 60 | 85 (50.90%) | 236 (71.95%) | 321 (64.85%) |
| ≥60 | 82 (49.10%) | 92 (8.05%) | 174 (35.15%) |
| Occupationa | |||
| Farmer | 109 (65.27%) | 191 (58.23%) | 300 (60.61%) |
| Not farmer | 58 (34.73%) | 137 (41.77%) | 195 (39.39%) |
| Race | |||
| Han | 77 (46.11%) | 167 (50.91%) | 244 (49.29%) |
| non-Han | 90 (53.89%) | 161 (49.09%) | 251 (50,71%) |
| Hospitalization days(day)a | |||
| ≦11 | 76 (45.51%) | 224 (68.29%) | 300 (60.61%) |
| > 11 | 91 (54.49%) | 104 (31.71%) | 195 (39.39%) |
| Surgery classificationa | |||
| Grade 4 | 108 (64.67%) | 187 (57.01%) | 295 (59.60%) |
| Grade 1–3 | 59 (35.33%) | 141 (42.99%) | 200 (40.40%) |
| Preoperative hospitalization days(day)a | |||
| ≦4 | 81 (48.50%) | 216 (65.85%) | 297 (60.00%) |
| > 4 | 86 (51.5%) | 112 (34.15%) | 198 (40.00%) |
| Medical insurance | |||
| NCMS | 88 (52.69%) | 174 (53.05%) | 262 (52.93%) |
| Non- NCMS | 79 (47.31%) | 154 (46.95%) | 233 (47.07%) |
| Blood glucose(mmol/L)a | |||
| 3.9 ~ 6.1 | 138 (82.63%) | 252 (76.83% | 390 (78.79%) |
| < 3.9 or > 6.1 | 29 (17.37%) | 76 (23.17%) | 105 (21.21%) |
| Blood type | |||
| A | 37 (22.16%) | 62 (18.90%) | 99 (20.00%) |
| B | 46 (27.54%) | 89 (27.113% | 135 (27.27%) |
| AB | 7 (4.19%) | 24 (7.32%) | 31 (6.26%) |
| O | 77 (46.11%) | 153 (46.65%) | 230 (46.46%) |
| C-reactive protein(mg/L) | |||
| ≦10 | 65 (38.92%) | 148 (45.12%) | 213 (43.03%) |
| > 10 | 102 (61.08%) | 180 (54.88%) | 282 (56.79%) |
| Hepatitis B surface antigen | |||
| Positive | 14 (8.38%) | 32 (9.76%) | 46 (9.29%) |
| Negative | 153 (91.62%) | 296 (90.24%) | 449 (90.71%) |
| White blood cells(a109/L)a | |||
| 4 ~ 10 | 141 (84.43%) | 264 (80.49%) | 405 (81.82%) |
| < 4 or > 10 | 26 (15.57%) | 64 (19.51%) | 90 (18.18%) |
| Hemoglobin(g/L)a | |||
| < 120 | 108 (64.67%) | 206 (62.80%) | 314 (63.43%) |
| ≥120 | 59 (35.33%) | 122 (37.20%) | 181 (36.57%) |
| Platelets(a109/L) | |||
| 100–300 | 92 (55.09%) | 178 (54.27%) | 270 (54.55%) |
| < 100 or > 300 | 75 (44.91%) | 150 (45.73%) | 225 (45.45%) |
| Percentage of neutrophils(%) | |||
| 0.5–0.7 | 96 (57.49%) | 196 (59.76%) | 292 (58.99%) |
| < 0.5 or > 0.7 | 71 (42.51%) | 132 (40.24%) | 203 (41.01%) |
| Percentage of lymphocytes(%)a | |||
| 0.2–0.4 | 80 (47.90%) | 193 (58.84%) | 273 (55.15%) |
| < 0.2 or > 0.4 | 87 (52.10%) | 135 (41.16%) | 222 (44.85%) |
| Absolute monocytes(a109/L) | |||
| 0.12–0.8 | 134 (80.24%) | 257 (78.35%) | 391 (78.99%) |
| < 0.12 or > 0.8 | 33 (19.76%) | 71 (21.65%) | 104 (21.01%) |
| Percentage of monocytes(%) | |||
| 0.03–0.08 | 63 (37.72%) | 125 (38.11%) | 188 (37.98%) |
| < 0.03 or > 0.08 | 104 (62.28%) | 203 (61.89%) | 307 (62.02%) |
| Total bilirubin(umol/L) | |||
| 3.4–17.1 | 140 (83.83%) | 279 (85.06%) | 419 (84.65%) |
| < 3.4 or > 17.1 | 27 (16.17%) | 49 (14.94%) | 76 (15.35%) |
| Direct bilirubin(umol/L) | |||
| ≦6.8 | 149 (89.22%) | 306 (93.29%) | 455 (91.92%) |
| > 6.8 | 18 (10.78%) | 22 (6.17%) | 40 (8.08%) |
| Indirect bilirubin(umol/L) | |||
| 1.7–10.2 | 139 (83.23%) | 283 (86.28%) | 422 (85.25%) |
| < 1.7 or > 10.2 | 28 (16.77%) | 45 (13.72%) | 73 (14.75%) |
| Total protein(g/L) | |||
| 60–80 | 135 (80.84%) | 271 (82.62%) | 406 (82.02%) |
| < 60 or > 80 | 32 (19.16%) | 57 (17.38%) | 89 (17.98%) |
| Albumin(g/L)a | |||
| ≥40 | 36 (21.56%) | 125 (38.11%) | 161 (32.53%) |
| < 40 | 131 (78.44%) | 203 (61.89%) | 334 (67.47%) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase(U/L) | |||
| 10–40 | 146 (87.43%) | 290 (88.41%) | 436 (88.08%) |
| < 10 or > 40 | 21 (12.57%) | 38 (11.59%) | 59 (11.92%) |
| Alanine aminotransferase(U/L) | |||
| 10–40 | 118 (70.66%) | 242 (73.78%) | 360 (72.73%) |
| < 10 or > 40 | 49 (29.34%) | 86 (26.22%) | 135 (27.27%) |
| AST/ALTa | |||
| ≦1 | 125 (74.85%) | 128 (39.02%) | 253 (51.11%) |
| > 1 | 42 (25.15%) | 200 (60.98%) | 242 (48.89%) |
| Blood urea(mmol/L)a | |||
| 3.2–7.1 | 129 (77.25%) | 226 (68.90%) | 355 (71.72%) |
| < 3.2 or > 7.1 | 38 (22.75%) | 102 (31.10%) | 140 (28.28%) |
| Blood creatinine(umol/L) | |||
| 76–88.41 | 29 (17.37%) | 63 (19.21%) | 92 (18.59%) |
| < 76 or > 88.41 | 138 (82.63%) | 265 (80.79%) | 403 (84.41%) |
| Blood uric acid(umol/L)a | |||
| 208–428 | 82 (49.10%) | 179 (54.57%) | 261 (52.73%) |
| < 208 or > 428 | 85 (50.90%) | 149 (45.43%) | 234 (47.27%) |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate(mm/h) | |||
| ≦20 | 39 (23.35%) | 103 (31.40%) | 142 (28.69%) |
| > 20 | 128 (76.65%) | 225 (68.60%) | 353 (71.31%) |
| Total cholesterol(mmol/L)a | |||
| 2.86–5.98 | 145 (86.83%) | 270 (82.32%) | 415 (83.84%) |
| < 2.86 or > 5.98 | 22 (13.17%) | 58 (17.68%) | 80 (16.16%) |
| Triglyceride(mmol/L) | |||
| 0.56–1.7 | 143 (85.63%) | 273 (83.23%) | 416 (84.04%) |
| < 0.56 or > 1.7 | 24 (14.37%) | 55 (16.77%) | 79 (15.96%) |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol(mmol/L)a | |||
| 0.94–2 | 114 (68.26%) | 260 (79.27%) | 374 (75.56%) |
| < 0.94 or > 2 | 53 (31.74%) | 68 (20.73%) | 121 (24.44%) |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol(mmol/L) | |||
| 2.07–3.12 | 82 (49.10%) | 138 (42.07%) | 220 (44.44%) |
| < 2.07 or > 3.12 | 85 (50.90%) | 190 (57.93%) | 275 (55.56%) |
aThe parameters were statistically significant by LASSO analysis
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, ODI The Oswestry disability index, JOA Japanese orthopaedic association scores, VAS Visual analogue scale, ASIA American spinal injury association, NCMS New rural cooperative medical system, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol