Figure 9. Commensal oral microbiota upregulates proinflammatory CD4⁺ T cell–mediated immunity in alveolar BM.

Flow cytometric analysis of CD4⁺ Th cell subsets in the alveolar BM (ABM) and long BM (LBM), reported as percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells; n = 5–6/gp. (A and B) Representative gating strategy for Th1 cells in (A) ABM and (B) LBM. (C and D) Representative gating strategy for Th17 cells in (C) ABM and (D) LBM. (E and F) Representative dot plots of final gating and quantitative measures for CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^–CD183⁺T-bet⁺ Th1 cells in MM and LBM of SPF versus GF mice. (G and H) Representative dot plots of final gating and quantitative measures for CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^–CD183⁺T-bet⁺ Th1 cells in ABM and LBM of saline versus CHX mice. (I and J) Representative dot plots of final gating and quantitative measures for CD3⁺CD4⁺CD196⁺RORγt⁺ Th17 cells in ABM and LBM of SPF versus GF mice. (K and L) Representative dot plots of final gating and quantitative measures for CD3⁺CD4⁺CD196⁺RORγt⁺ Th17 cells in ABM and LBM of saline versus CHX mice. Unpaired t test; data presented as mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05.