Table 3.
Descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of outcome measures scores for IC and CG at T0 and T1 and occurred scores variation (∆). “IG” (T0 and T1), “CG” (T0 and T1), and “∆ Scores” (∆ IG and ∆ CG) columns report the average score and standard deviation (in parenthesis) for each outcome measure. “p-value IG T0 vs. T1” and “p-value CG T0 vs. T1” columns report the results obtained from the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test analyzing the scores difference between T0 and T1 for each group. “p-value ∆ IG vs. ∆ CG” column reports the results attained from the Mann–Whitney U test comparing the variation in the scores (∆) of the IG and CG.
| IG |
p-Value IG T0 vs. T1 |
CG |
p-Value CG T0 vs. T1 |
∆ Scores |
p-Value ∆ IG vs. ∆ CG |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | T0 | T1 | ∆ IG | ∆ CG | |||||
| SARA Scores | Gait | 2 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.9) | 0.65 | 1.8 (0.8) | 2 (0.5) | 0.48 | −0.1 (0.8) | −0.2 (1) | 0.60 |
| Stance | 1 (0.9) | 1.1 (0.8) | 0.32 | 1.8 (0.7) | 1.6 (0.7) | 0.16 | −0.1 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.09 | |
| Sitting | 0.1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0.32 | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.16 | 0.1 (0.3) | −0.2 (0.4) | 0.09 | |
| Speech disturbance | 1.1 (0.8) | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.00 | 1 (0.7) | 1.4 (1) | 0.18 | 0 (0.5) | −0.4 (1) | 0.30 | |
| Finger Chase | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.32 | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.8) | 0.59 | −0.1 (0.2) | −0.2 (0.8) | 0.90 | |
| Nose-finger test | 0.9 (0.3) | 1 (0) | 1.00 | 1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.8) | 0.71 | 0 (0) | −0.2 (0.8) | 1.00 | |
| Fast alternating hand movements | 2 (1.1) | 1.9 (0.9) | 1.00 | 1.7 (1.3) | 1.8 (1.2) | 0.32 | 0.1 (0.8) | −0.1 (0.2) | 0.90 | |
| Heel-shin slide | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.6) | 0.16 | 1.8 (1.1) | 1.7 (1) | 1.00 | −0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.8) | 0.80 | |
| SARA Total score | 9.2 (2.2) | 9.6 (2.4) | 0.18 | 10.1 (3.7) | 11.1 (3.9) | 0.02 *↓ | −0.4 (0.9) | −0.9 (1) | 0.31 | |
| T25FW | 5.3 (1) | 5.3 (0.5) | 0.86 | 6.3 (1.4) | 5.9 (1.2) | 0.31 | 0.1 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.31 | |
| 9HPT Dominant hand | 37.9 (8.4) | 34.9 (6) | 0.05 *↑ | 39.1 (8.9) | 41.9 (11) | 0.03 *↓ | 3 (3.9) | −2.6 (3.1) | 0.01 * | |
| 9HPT Non-dominant hand | 40.2 (9) | 38.3 (7.5) | 0.17 | 45.2 (10.1) | 46.6 (9.9) | 0.37 | 1.9 (3.3) | −1.6 (3.9) | 0.08 | |
Abbreviation list: SARA = Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia; T25FW = Timed 25-Foot Walk; 9HPT = 9-Hole Peg Test; IG = Intervention Group; CG = Control Group; T0 = pre-intervention evaluation; T1 = post-intervention evaluation. ∆: Delta; *: p-value ≤ 0.05; ↑: statistically significant change reflects an improvement; ↓: statistically significant change reflects a worsening.