Table 1.
BA screening performance.
| Stool Colour Card Screening | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Year | # Screened Patients | BA Cases | Sensitivity (%) |
Specificity (%) |
PPV (%) |
NPV (%) |
KPE Age Pre-/Post Screening |
| Taiwan * [39] Universal national program |
2004–2005 | 422,273 | 75 | 84 | 99.9 | 22.5 | 99.9 | <60 days: 47%/67% 0>91 days post screening |
| Japan # [37] TochigiPrefecture |
1994–2011 | 313,230 | 34 | 76.5 (62.2–90.7) |
99.9 (99.9–100.0) |
12.7 (8.2–7.3) |
99.9 (99.9–99.9) |
67/56 (median days) 25%/11%>80 days |
| Chaoyang District Beijing † [41] | 2013–2014 | 29,799 | 4 | 50 | 99.9 | 4.5 | 99.9 | n/a |
| Canada § [42] British Columbia |
2014–2016 | 87,583 | 6 | 83 | 99.9 | 6 | 99.9 | n/a |
| * Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 60 days of life; # Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 1 month of life; † Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 4 months of life; § Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 1 month of life; n/a = not available. | ||||||||
| Fractionated Bilirubin Screening | ||||||||
| Country | Year | # Screened Patients | BA Cases | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | KPE Age Pre-/Post Screening |
| UK * [43] | 1995–1997 | 23,214 | 100.0 (76–100) |
99.5 (99.5–99.6) |
10.3 (5–16) |
n/a | n/a | |
| US # [44] | 2013–2014 | 11,636 | 2 | 100.0 (20–100) |
99.9 (99.8–99.9) |
18 (3–52) |
n/a | n/a |
| US # [45] | 2015–2018 | 123,279 | 7 | 100.0 (56–100) |
99.9 (99.9–99.9) |
5.9 (3–12) |
100 (100–100) | 56/36 |
| * Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 28 days of life (last follow-up test for BA patients performed on day of life 22); # Diagnostic accuracy statistics for detecting BA by 2 weeks of life in a two-stage screening approach (first test in newborn period, second test at 2 weeks of life if first test abnormal); n/a = not available. | ||||||||