Table 2.
Comparison of median group values for anthropometric measures and medial gastrocnemius muscle outcomes between the BoNT-A naive treatment group (n = 11) (a) and BoNT-A naive untreated group (n = 11) (b) for the baseline assessment (section 1) and the changes over the six-months follow-up (section 2).
| BoNT-A Naive Treatment (a) | BoNT-A Naive Untreated (b) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Section 1: Baseline assessment | |||
| Age (years) | 3.3 (1.2) | 2.8 (1.8) | 0.401 |
| Body mass (kg) | 13.6 (1.3) | 14.5 (4.9) | 0.243 |
| Body length (cm) | 91.0 (9.2) | 97.0 (18.4) | 0.652 |
| Leg length (cm) | 44.2 (5.0) | 46.0 (9.5) | 0.797 |
| MV (mL) | 16.6 (8.80) | 22.8 (14.9) | 0.300 |
| nMV (mL/(kg·m)) | 1.47 (0.43) | 1.52 (0.45) | 0.478 |
| ML (mm) | 104.3 (19.0) | 111.0 (33.5) | 0.652 |
| nML (%) | 23.6 (4.05) | 23.3 (5.83) | 0.949 |
| MTUL (mm) | 203.1 (25.8) | 207.8 (57.5) | 0.748 |
| nMTUL (%) | 45.8 (1.92) | 46.7 (5.55) | 0.438 |
| aCSA (mm2) | 245.7 (79.4) | 258.1 (94.3) | 0.652 |
| aCSAnorm (mm2/kg) | 16.7 (6.40) | 17.5 (4.15) | 0.797 |
| EI (bit) | 153.2 (12.1) | 158.5 (31.5) | 1.000 |
| Growth rate (mL/mo) | 0.47 (0.25) | 0.51 (0.09) | 0.270 |
| Section 2: Changes over six-month follow-up | |||
| Interval (months) | 6.00 (1.00) | 6.00 (0.00) | 0.075 |
| Δ Body mass (kg) | 1.20 (1.20)/+8% | 1.10 (0.65)/+ 8% | 0.217 |
| Δ Body length (cm) | 5.60 (3.90)/+6% | 4.20 (3.20)/+ 4% | 0.365 |
| Δ Leg length (cm) | 2.80 (2.80)/+6% | 2.50 (2.20)/+5% | 0.847 |
| Δ MV (mL) | 0.23 (5.15)/+1% | 2.95 (2.78)/+13% | 0.045 |
| Δ nMV (mL/(kg⋅m)) | −0.24 (0.38)/−16% | 0.05 (0.19)/−3% | 0.020 |
| Δ ML (mm) | 8.50 (9.10)/+8% | 7.87 (9.00)/+7% | 0.870 |
| Δ nML (%) | 0.47 (2.67)/+2% | 0.78 (2.67)/+3% | 0.818 |
| Δ MTUL (mm) | 13.1 (9.40)/+7% | 8.90 (13.8)/+4% | 0.670 |
| Δ nMTUL (%) | −0.56 (3.63)/−1% | −0.82 (2.08)/−2% | 0.622 |
| Δ aCSA (mm2) | −14.2 (49.9)/−6% | 30.0 (23.1)/+12% | 0.003 |
| Δ aCSAnorm (mm2/kg) | −2.89 (3.72)/−17% | 0.72 (3.18)/+4% | <0.001 |
| Δ EI (bit) | 7.80 (23.7)/+5% | −5.30 (23.2)/−3% | 0.009 |
| Growth rate during follow-up (Δ mL/Δ mo) | 0.038 (0.85) | 0.498 (0.46) | 0.026 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range)/percentage. The percentual differences were calculated based on the median difference scores and expressed relative to the median baseline data. The +/− refers to positive/negative differences compared to baseline data. Muscle growth rate was calculated as ratio of muscle volume (milliliter) per age (months). The growth rate during the follow-up period was calculated as the ratio of the change in muscle volume (mL) to the time of follow-up (months). Mann-Whitney U test with significance level of 0.01 was used after Bonferroni correction. Significant results were indicated with grey color. BoNT-A, botulinum neurotoxin type-A; n, number; kg, kilograms; cm, centimeter; mL, milliliter; nMV, muscle volume normalized to the product of body mass and body length; ml, milliliter; m, meter; mm, millimeter; nML, muscle belly length normalized to leg length; nMTUL, muscle–tendon unit complex length normalized to leg length; aCSAnorm, anatomical cross-sectional area normalized to body mass; EI, echo-intensity; mo, month.