Table 3.
High potency anticholinergics (Score 3).
| Drug Name | ATC Code | Carnahan 2006 | Rudolph 2008 | Boustani 2008 |
Durán 2013 | Salahudeen 2015 |
Kiesel 2018 | Jun 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acepromazine | N05AA04 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Amitriptyline | N06AA09 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Amoxapine | N06AA17 | 3 | Disc | 3 | 3 | |||
| Atropine | A03BA01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Belladonna | A03BA04 | 2 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | |||
| Benzatropine * | N04AC01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Biperiden | N04AA02 | 3 | ||||||
| Brompheniramine | R06AB01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Carbinoxamine | R06AA08 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Carisoprodol | M03BA02 | 0 | 3 | Disc | 3 | |||
| Chlorphenamine * | R06AB04 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Chlorpromazine | N05AA01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Chlorprothixene | N05AF03 | 3 | ||||||
| Cimetropium bromide | A03BB05 | 3 | ||||||
| Clemastine | R06AA04 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Clomipramine | N06AA04 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Clozapine | N05AH02 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Cyproheptadine | R06AX02 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Darifenacin | G04BD10 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Desipramine | N06AA01 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | ||
| Dexbrompheniramine | R06AB06 | 3 | ||||||
| Dexchlorpheniramine | R06AB02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Dicyclomine * | A03AA07 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Difemerine | A03AA09 | 3 | ||||||
| Diphenhydramine * | R06AA02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Doxepin | N06AA12 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Doxylamine | R06AA09 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||||
| Emepronium | G04BD01 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Fesoterodine | G04BD11 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Flavoxate | G04BD02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Homatropine | S01FA05 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Hydroxyzine | N05BB01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Hyoscyamine | A03BA03 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Imipramine | N06AA02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Levomepromazine * | N05AA02 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | |
| Meclozine * | R06AE05 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Mequitazine | R06AD07 | 3 | ||||||
| Nortriptyline | N06AA10 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Opipramol | N06AA05 | Disc | 3 | 2 | ||||
| Orphenadrine | N04AB02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Otilonium bromide | A03AB06 | 3 | ||||||
| Oxybutynin | G04BD04 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Pheniramine | R06AB05 | 3 | ||||||
| Procyclidine | N04AA04 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Promethazine | R06AD02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
| Propantheline | A03AB05 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | |||
| Propiverine | G04BD06 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Protriptyline | N06AA11 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Pyrilamine * | R03DA12 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Scopolamine * | A04AD01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Solifenacin | G04BD08 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Thioridazine | N05AC02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Tiemonium iodide | A03AB17 | 3 | ||||||
| Timepidium bromide | A03AB19 | 3 | ||||||
| Tizanidine | M03BX02 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | ||
| Tolterodine | G04BD07 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 or 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Trifluoperazine | N05AB06 | 1 | 3 | 3 | Disc | 1 or 3 | ||
| Trihexyphenidyl | N04AA01 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Trimipramine | N06AA06 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Tropatepine | N04AA12 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Trospium | G04BD09 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Valethamate | A03AX14 | 3 |
* Benzatropine/ Benztropine; * Dicyclomine/ Dicycloverine; * Diphenhydramine/ Dimenhydrinate; * Chlorphenamine/ Chlorpheniramine; * Levomepromazine/ Methotrimeprazine; * Meclozine/ Meclizine; * Pyrilamine/ Mepyramine; * Scopolamine/ Hyoscine. Disc = discrepant for the authors.