Table 1.
Summary of the expression and associated mechanisms of lncRNAs in various diabetic complications.
| Diabetic Complications | LncRNA | Expression Level | Cells or Tissues | Interacting Factors/Pathways | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MALAT1 | Upregulated | Kidney cortices in STZ-injected C57BL/6 mice | [18] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MALAT1 | Patients with DN | SOD | [19] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MALAT1 | Mouse podocyte MPC-5 cells | KLF5 | [20] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MALAT1 | Mouse podocyte MPC-5 cells | Nrf2/HO-1 signaling | [22] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MEG3 | Upregulated | Podocytes of STZ-induced mice | drp1 | [27] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MEG3 | Upregulated | HG-treated mesangial cells | miR-181a | [28] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MEG3 | Upregulated | Serum of patients with DN | miR-145 | [29] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | MEG3 | Downregulated | Renal tissues of patients with DN and HG-treated podocytes | Wnt/β-catenin signaling | [34] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | GAS5 | Downregulated | HG-induced proximal tubular cells | miR-452-5p/SOD axis | [36] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | GAS5 | Downregulated | HG-treated mesangial cells | miR-221/SIRT1 axis | [37] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | GAS5 | Upregulated | Kidneys of the HFD/ STZ-induced diabetic mice | [38] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | SNHG16 | Upregulated | Serum of DN patients and HG-treated podocytes | miR-106a/KLF9 axis | [44] |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | SNHG16 | Upregulated | HG-treated mesangial cells | [45] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | CASC2 | Downregulated | Serum of DN patients and podocyte cells | [49] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | CASC2 | Downregulated | Tissues in db/db diabetic mouse and HG-treated mesangial cells and podocytes | [50] | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | CASC2 | Downregulated | HG-treated podocyte cells | miR-133b/FOXP1 axis | [52] |
| Diabetic Cardiomyopathy | HOTAIR | Downregulated | Myocardial tissues and serum of diabetic cardiomyopathy patients | [61] | |
| Diabetic Cardiomyopathy | HOTAIR | Downregulated | Diabetic hearts in STZ-injected C57/B6 mice andHG-stimulated H9c2 cells | miR-34a/SIRT1 axis | [64] |
| Diabetic Cardiomyopathy | MEG3 | Upregulated | HG-treated cardiomyocytes | miR-145 | [66] |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | HOTAIR | Upregulated | HG-treated human retinal endothelial cells | [74] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | HOTAIR | HG-treated human retinal endothelial cells | LSD1/MnSOD axis | [75,76] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MALAT1 | Upregulated | Diabetic retinas using clinical samples, STZ-induced type I DM mice | [77] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MALAT1 | db/db type 2 DM mice | [78] | ||
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MALAT1 | Keap1-Nrf2 axis | [79,80] | ||
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MALAT1 | HG-treated human lens epithelial cells | SP1 and p38MAPK pathway | [83] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MEG3 | Downregulated | HG-treated Müller cells | miR-204/SIRT1 axis | [85] |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MEG3 | HG-treated retinal pigment epithelium cells | miR-93/Nrf2 axis | [87] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | MEG3 | HG-treated retina epithelial cells | miR-34a/SIRT1 axis | [88] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | SNHG16 | Upregulated | HG-treated retinal microvascular endothelial cells | [89] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | SNHG16 | HG-treated retinal microvascular endothelial cells | miR-195/mfn2 axis | [90] | |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | SNHG16 | HG-treated retinal microvascular endothelial cells | miR-20a-5p/E2F1 axis | [91] |
Abbreviation: STZ, streptozotocin; DN, diabetic nephropathy; SOD, superoxidase dismutase; KLF5/9, Kruppel-like factor 5/9; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; Drp1, dynamin-related protein 1; HG, high glucose; SIRT1, Sirtuin 1; HFD, high-fat diet; FOXP1, forkhead box protein 1; LSD1, lysine-specific demethylase 1; keap1, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; SP1, specificity protein 1; Mfn2, mitofusin-2; E2F1, E2F transcription factor 1.