Table 7.

Examples of analytical e-noses applications in the waste management plants.

Application	E-NoseTechnology	AdditionalMeasurements	Ref.
Qualitative detection of VOCs during composting processMonitoring of the compost stability	Home made (7 MOS)	GC - MS	[177]
Compost maturity assessment Monitoring of the compost stability	PEN3 AirSense Analytics	NDIR, PID, GC-MS	[71]
Bio-filtration efficiency of the composting gases	PEN3 AirSense Analytics	PID	[178]
Correlation between odor concentration and chemical composition of VOCs emitted during composting process	Home made (6 MOS)	Olfactometry, GC-MS	[35]
Qualitative and quantitative detection of VOCs during composting process	Home-made (6 QCM)	Validation with GC-MS	[179]
Early detection of organic overload in the anaerobic reactor	Home-made (6 MOS)	NDIR, EC, sludge pH	[181,182]
Investigation of the correlation between microbial activity, odor concentration and VOCs emission during anaerobic digestion of wastes	PEN2 AirSense Analytics	Olfactometry, GC-MS	[184]