| LVDT | Linear-variable differential-transformers |
| AGI | Average-grain intercept |
| SSD | Statistically-stored dislocations |
| GND | Geometrically-necessary dislocations |
| UTM | Universal-testing machine |
| 3D | Three-dimensional |
| T | Thickness |
| D | Grain-size |
| E | Young’s modulus |
| ε | Plastic-strain |
| 𝜌 | Density |
| Ҏ | Conventional effective plastic-strain |
| Ra | Arithmetic-average of the roughness-profile |
| V | Voltage |
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