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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2021 Mar 10;7(6):2430–2443. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01803

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Collagen fibrous substrates support tumor cell proliferation in a hormone-restricted culture. Effects of substrate composition and orientation on MCF-7 and T-47D cells. (A,B) MCF-7 and T-47D cells were cultured in hormone-depleted conditions ± the estradiol (E2) ligand (1 nM) on tissue culture plastic (TCP), gelatin coating on TCP (gelatin), collagen gel (gel), RCF, ACF, R-PCL, and A-PCL. Proliferation data represent the average % of EdU positive cells, as determined by flow cytometry, normalized to TCP. Data represent the average mean ± SE of three independent experiments with n = 3. (C) Representative fluorescent images of nonestrogen treated MCF-7 and T-47D cells stained with Hoescht and EdU-Alexa 488 to label the nucleus (blue) and cells in the S phase (white), respectively, using confocal microscopy. The white scale bar represents 100 μm. (D,E) Elongation factor (nucleus elongation) of nonestrogen treated MCF-7 and T-47D cells, represented as the ratio of the minor (green line) and major (red line) axes of the nucleus. Data represent the average mean ± SE of three independent experiments with n = 4; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.