Figure 3.

Levistolide A disturbed viral RNA and protein production in PEDV-infected cells. Vero cells were treated with LA at indicated concentrations and infected with PEDV at an MOI of 0.1 at the same time. DMSO served as the treatment control. The samples were collected at 36 hpi for TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR or Western blot analysis. (A) Viral RNA copies determined in the PEDV strain DR13 infected cells; (B) viral RNA copies determined in PEDV strain CV777 infected cells; (C) viral RNA copies determined in PEDV strain YN15 infected cells. (D) The amount of PEDV N protein in samples was detected through Western blot; β-actin was set as the loading control. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments, and error bars represent standard deviation. Asterisks indicate significant differences between the mock-treated group and LA or DMSO treated group: * p $<$ 0.05; ** p $<$ 0.01; *** p $<$ 0.001; **** p ≤ 0.0001; ns, not significant.