Table 10.
The medical condition of recruited patients with a double diagnosis. QTcF = QT interval of the ECG trace (corrected by the Fridericia formula), BP = blood pressure, bpm = beat per minute, HR = heart rate, RR = RR intervals of the ECG, BMI = body mass index, GSI = global severity index, PST = positive symptom total, PSDI = positive symptom distress index.
| Medical Conditions | Number of Patients | Maintenance Treatments | Concomitant Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Total patients Female (N = 4) Age = 49.75 ± 12.84 BMI = 25.09 ± 9.05 Male (N = 14) Age= 48.07 ± 8.43 BMI = 26.96 ± 3.77 |
18 | Antidepressant, antipsycotic | |
| Blood pressure (BP) (systolic/diastolic) | |||
| 133.33 ± 21/83 ± 9 mmHg | 3 | Rac-methadone | |
| 115.1 ± 18/80 ± 5 | 10 | Levomethadone | |
| 128.2 ± 18/78 ± 6 | 3 | Buprenorphine/naloxone | |
| 130.6 ± 15/90 ± 4 | 2 | Buprenorphine | |
| 130.1 ± 11/80 ± 6 | 3 | Levomethadone detox | |
| HR/RR | |||
| 67.67 ± 10 bpm/ms | 3 | Rac-methadone | |
| 64.67 ± 6 | 10 | Levomethadone | |
| 80 ± 7 | 3 | Buprenorphine/naloxone | |
| 89.5 ± 8 | 2 | Buprenorphine | |
| 76 ± 9 | 3 | Levomethadone detox | |
| QTcF | |||
| 438.67 ± 7.57 ms | 3 | Rac-methadone | |
| 437.71 ± 40.6 | 10 | Levomethadone | |
| 432.33 ± 2.31 | 3 | Buprenorphine/naloxone | |
| 438 ± 43.84 | 2 | Buprenorphine | |
| 383 ± 35.53 | 3 | Levomethadone detox | |
|
bipolar disorder Substance use disorder (DUS) BMI = 28.56 ± 4.92 BP= 120.00 ± 11/75 ± 8 mmHg QTcF = 418.40 ± 18.93 HR/RR = 69.60 ± 9 bpm/ms |
5 (4 of type 2 and 1 of type 1) |
||
| QTcF = 433 ± 12 ms, HR/RR = 74.5 ± 13 bpm/ms BP = 120 ± 11/75 ± 8 mmHg urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine negative, one case of cannabinoid positivity; GSI 0.59, PST 30, PSDI 1.77, urine negative |
2 | Buprenorphine/naloxone 3.5 ± 1 mg/day |
Sertalin, litium, quetiapine, flurazepam, bupropione, sodium valproate, alipiprazol |
| QTcF = 430 ms, HR/RR = 76 bpm/ms BP = 130/80 mmHg urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine negative; GSI 1.63, PST 59, PSDI 2.49 |
1 | Rac-methadone 60 mg/day | Vortioxetine, aripripazole, prazepam, zolpidem |
| QTcF = 394 ms, HR/RR = 58 bpm/ms, HCV+, cannabinoids and cocaine+, cannabis and bzd abused; urine cannabis, cocaine+; GSI 0.93, PST 45, PSDI 1.87 |
1 | Levomethadone 80 mg/day |
Aripiprazole, asenapine |
| QTcF = 402 ms, HR/RR = 65 bpm/ms, HCV+, urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine negative; GSI/, PST/, PSDI/ |
1 | Levomethadone switched from rac-methadone to levomethadone 15 mg/day and after one year to low dose 3 mg/day of levomethadone |
Aripiprazole, valproate, clorpromazine |
|
Major depressive disorder Substance Use Disorder (DUS) BMI = 23.32 ± 8 BP = 134 ± 21/84.86 ± 12 mmHg QTcF = 426.80 ± 17.51 ms HR/RR = 71.20 ± 19 bpm/ms |
7 | ||
| QTcF = 427.5 ± 18 ms, HR/RR= 65 ± 9 bpm/ms, BP = 130 ± 11/94.96 ± 10 mmHg HCV + 1a urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives, one case of codeine positivity GSI 1,92 ± 0.1, PST 69 ± 8, PSDI 2.46 ± 0.3 |
2 | Levomethadone 90 ± 9 mg/die |
Duloxetine, valproate, levosulpiride, clonazepam, pregabalin |
| QTcF = 406 ms, HR/RR = 62 bpm/ms, BP = 130/94.96 mmHg HCV + , urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives |
1 | Levomethadone starting dose 35 mg/day and then 3 mg/day until completed detox |
Valproate, fluoxetine, olanzapine, levomepromazine, estazolam |
| QTcF = 443 ± 2 ms, HR/RR = 63.5 ± 9 bpm/ms, BP = 131 ± 13/91.86 ± 10 mmHg (N patient =1 HIV+, HCV +) urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives One case of severe hepatopathies One case of positivity to benzodiazepine One case of GSI 1.59, PST 70, PSDI 2.04 |
2 | Rac-methadone 105 ± 12 mg/die |
Valproate, sertalin, zolpidem, lithium, duloxetine, pregabalin, clonazepam ritonavir, atazanavir, emtricitabine, tenofovir, disoproxil |
| QTcF = 469 ms, HR/RR = 104 bpm/ms, BP = 129/90.81 mmHg, urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives, GSI 2.74, PST 78, PSDI 3.17 |
1 | Buprenorfine 2 mg/die | Litium, olanzepine, levomepromazin, clonazepam |
| QTcF = 431 ms, HR/RR = 91 bpm/ms, BP = 128/89 mmHg, urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives GSI 0.74, PST 41, PSDI 1.63 |
1 | Buprenorphine/naloxone 8 mg/die |
Aripiprazole, valproate, topiramate, trazodone (ER) |
|
Psychoses BMI 23.99 QTcF = 413 ms, HR/RR = 91 bpm/ms, BP = 110/70 mmHg urine heroin, amphetamine, cannabinoids negatives cocaine positive |
1 | Levomethadone 60 mg/day until completed detox |
Duloxetina, trazodone, clonazepam, quetiapina, flurazepam |
|
Schizophrenia BMI = 26.79 ± 6 |
3 | ||
| QTcF = 471.00 ± 36.51 ms, HR/RR = 67.5 ± 12 bpm/ms, BP = 116.5 ± 11/83.34 ± 8 mmHg One case of congenital LQT = 500 ms urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negative, and two cases of cannabinoid positive and one case of cocaine positive GSI/, PST/, PSDI/ |
3 | Levomethadone 50 ± 4 mg/day and one case of rac-methadone 120 mg/die switch to levomethadone 80 mg/die | Risperidone, lurasidone, promazine, clonazepam, aloperidol, flurazepam, aripirazolo, sertralin |
|
Schizo-affective disorder BMI = 34.68 BP= 140/90 mmHg QTcF = 360 ms, HR/RR = 90 bpm/ms, urine heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, cannabinoids negative, GSI 0.81, PST 33, PSDI 2.21. |
1 | Rac-methadone 60 mg/die and switch to levomethadone starting dose 30 mg/day and then 3 mg/day until completed detox |
Valproate, levomepromazine, diazepam, biberidene, quetiapine, flurazepam |
|
DUS cocaine BMI = 32.66 BP = 130/10 mmHg QTcF = 407 ms, HR/RR = 75 bpm/ms urine/ GSI/, PST/, PSDI/ |
1 | Buprenorphine 4 mg/die | Lithium carbonate, aripiprazole, clonazepam |