Table 1.
Mean diameter, size distribution, and surface charge of zein- and gliadin-based nanoparticles prepared in different polar media.
| Composition of the Aqueous Phase | Mean Sizes (nm) |
Polydispersity Index (PdI) |
Z-Potential (mV) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zein a | |||
| H2O (MilliQ) | 133 ± 1 | 0.164 ± 0.007 | −34 ± 3 |
| Saline solution 0.9% w/v | 472 ± 243 ** | 0.509 ± 0.22 ** | −7 ± 1 |
| Glucose solution 5% w/v | 127 ± 1 * | 0.137 ± 0.04 | −31 ± 1 |
| PBS 0.01 M pH 7.4 | >1000 ** | 0.870 ± 0.170 ** | −10 ± 2 |
| Gliadin b | |||
| H2O (MilliQ) | 143 ± 3 | 0.128 ± 0.01 | −28 ± 2 |
| Saline solution 0.9% w/v | 794 ± 10 ** | 0.512 ± 0.03 ** | −8 ± 1 |
| Glucose solution 5% w/v | 169 ± 2 * | 0.194 ± 0.01 * | −22 ± 2 |
| PBS 0.01 M pH 7.4 | 784 ± 35 ** | 0.680 ± 0.04 ** | −10 ± 3 |
a Zein-based nanoparticles prepared with 2 mg/mL of protein and 1.25% w/v of SD. b Gliadin-based nanoparticles prepared with 1 mg/mL of protein and 0.1% w/v of SRBO2. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001 with respect to the formulation prepared in MilliQ water. The DLS analysis was performed in the same medium used for sample preparation.