Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Baseline Characteristics | n = 37 | Missing Values |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60 (±10) | 0 (0%) |
| Sex (male) | 29 (78%) | 0 (0%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.8 [23.5, 29.6] | 0 (0%) |
| Smoking | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) |
| Comorbidities | 0 (0%) | |
| Hypertension | 15 (41%) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (16%) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 5 (14%) | |
| Heart failure | 0 (0%) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (3%) | |
| Chronic renal failure (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dialysis) | 1 (3%) | |
| Chronic respiratory disease (COPD or asthma) | 5 (14%) | |
| COVID-19 hospitalisation | ||
| Laboratory findings at admission | ||
| Haemoglobin (mmol/L) | 8.4 [7.8, 9.1] | 0 (0%) |
| Leucocytes (109/L) | 6.9 [5.0, 9.9] | 0 (0%) |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 85.0 [44.5, 179.0] | 0 (0%) |
| Procalcitonin (µg/L) | 0.20 [0.08, 1.08] | 13 (35%) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 79 [65, 90] | 0 (0%) |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.3 [1.2, 1.7] | 14 (38%) |
| pH | 7.47 (±0.05) | 6 (16%) |
| Cardiac biomarker release during hospitalisation | ||
| hs-cTnT (ng/L) | 13 [8, 21] | 3 (8%) |
| hs-cTnT > 14 ng/L | 16 (43%) | 3 (8%) |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 330 [77, 680] | 2 (5%) |
| NT-proBNP > 300 pg/mL | 18 (49%) | 2 (5%) |
| Treatment | ||
| Mechanical ventilation | 11 (30%) | 0 (0%) |
| Number of days | 16 (±7) | |
| Prone ventilation | 10 (27%) | |
| Intensive care unit admission | 13 (35%) | 0 (0%) |
| Medium care unit admission | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Duration of hospitalisation (days) | 8 [7, 22] | 0 (0%) |
| In-hospital complications | 0 (0%) | |
| Pulmonary embolism | 6 (16%) | |
| Acute kidney failure | 2 (5%) | |
| Acute heart failure | 3 (8%) | |
| Myocardial infarction (type 2) | 1 (3%) | |
| CVA/TIA | 1 (3%) | |
| Ventricular arrhythmia | 0 (0%) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (8%) | |
| Myocarditis | 0 (0%) | |
| Follow-up—clinical outcomes | ||
| Days of follow-up after discharge | 194 [185, 203] | 0 (0%) |
| Emergency department visit | 1 (3%) | |
| Hospitalisation | 3 (8%) | |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1 (3%) | |
| Acute heart failure | 0 (0%) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 0 (0%) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1 (3%) | |
| Echocardiographic parameters | 0 (0%) | |
| Normal LV and RV volumes and function a | 28 (76%) | |
| Persistent symptoms post-discharge b | 0 (0%) | |
| Dyspnoea | 10 (27%) | |
| Chest pain | 3 (8%) | |
| Peripheral oedema | 7 (19%) | |
| Fatigue | 6 (16%) |
Data are presented as n (%), mean (±SD) or median [IQR]. CVA: cerebrovascular accident; hs-cTnT: highly sensitive cardiac Troponin-T; LV: left ventricular; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; RV: right ventricular; TIA: transient ischaemic attack. a Normal LV and RV volumes and function were defined as: LV ejection fraction of ≥52%, global longitudinal strain of ≤−18%, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion of ≥17 mm, right ventricular systolic excursion velocity of ≥10 cm/s, E/e′ ratio (early mitral inflow velocity/mitral annular early diastolic velocity) of ≤14, indexed left ventricular mass of ≤115 g/m2, indexed LVEDd (left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) of ≤31 mm and RV (right ventricular) basal diameter of ≤42 mm. b Self-reported persistent symptoms post-discharge, assessed at 194 [185, 203] days of follow-up.