Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First Author and Year | Study Design | Total Population | Mean Age | Male (%) | Frail | Non-Frail | Frailty Tool | Cancer Type | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al Abbas et al., 2020 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 9867 | 64.5 | 53.2 | 5996 | 3871 | Modified Frailty Index | Pancreatic Cancers (Adenocarcinoma 50%) | Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy |
| Augustin et al., 2016 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 13,020 | N/R | 48.3 | 8024 | 4996 | Modified Frailty Index | Pancreatic Cancer, not specified | Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation |
| Baimas-George et al., 2021 | Prospective Cohort Study | 19 | 62 | 47 | 14 | 5 | Fried Phenotype Model | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (90%); Colangiocarcinoma (10%) | Chemotherapy, Surgery |
| Benjamin et al., 2017 | Prospective Cohort Study | 134 | 65.4 | 52 | 29 | 105 | SPPB | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Surgery |
| Dale et al., 2014 | Prospective Cohort Study | 76 | 67.3 | 56.3 | 11 | 65 | VES-13, Fried and SPPB | Pancreatic Endocrine, Exocrine, Biliary | Surgery |
| DeMaria et al., 2019 | Prospective Cohort Study | 50 | 64 | 68 | 15 | 35 | Fried Phenotype Model | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Surgery, liver transplantation |
| Gebbia et al., 2020 | Prospective Cohort Study | 40 | 74.7 | 65 | 34 | 6 | G8 | Advanced/metastatic Pancreatic Carcinoma | Chemotherapy |
| Kaibori et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 100 | 79 | N/R | 50 | 50 | G8, VES-13 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Surgery |
| Limpawattana et al., 2019 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 75 | N/R | 77.3 | 9 | 66 | Frail Scale | Biliary Cancer | Chemotherapy |
| Loi et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 42 | 85.3 | N/R | 11 | 31 | G8 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | SBRT |
| Mima et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 142 | 56 | 16 | 126 | Clinical Frailty Scale | Pancreatic Cancer: Adenocarcinoma (98%) | Surgery | |
| Mogal et al., 2017 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 9986 | 64.1 | 51.2 | 637 | 9349 | Modified Frailty Index | Pancreatic Cancer, not specified | Surgery |
| Ngo-Huang et al., 2019 | Prospective Cohort Study | 142 | 65 | 65.5 | 36 | 106 | Fried Phenotype Model | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation, Palliative |
| Reiser et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 158 | N/R | 37 | 68 | 90 | Modified Frailty Index | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Surgery, Neoadjuvant therapy |
| Rittberg et al., 2020 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 87 | 73.7 | 54 | 67 | 20 | Modified Frailty Index | Advanced Pancreatic Cancer | Chemotherapy |
| van Wijk et al., 2021 | Prospective Cohort Study | 100 | 74 | 51 | 22 | 78 | Groningen frailty indicator | Hepatobiliary pancreatic cancers (Mixed population) | Scheduled for surgery |
| Yamada et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 120 | N/R | N/R | 29 | 91 | Clinical Frailty Scale | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Surgery |
| Paolini et al., 2021 | Retrospective Cohort Study | 118 | 52.5 | 81 | 37 | Modified Frailty Index | Pancreatic, periampullary cancers, common bile duct cancers | Surgery (open or robotic) |