Table 2.
Prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality for CMV GI diseases.
| Characteristics | Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
| Sex (M/F) | 0.844 | 0.5–1.425 | 0.525 | |||
| Age, year | 1.023 | 1.007–1.039 | 0.004 * | 1.042 | 1.005–1.081 | 0.026 * |
| General condition | ||||||
| OPD source | 0.034 | 0.005–0.249 | 0.001 * | <0.001 | - | 0.999 |
| Shock | 6.622 | 3.737–11.732 | <0.001 * | 1.754 | 0.571–5.39 | 0.326 |
| Intubation | 4.926 | 2.76–8.792 | <0.001 * | 1.247 | 0.289–5.388 | 0.768 |
| ICU | 7.305 | 4.168–12.803 | <0.001 * | 2.078 | 0.536–8.053 | 0.290 |
| Underlying disease | ||||||
| Immunocompromised | 1.921 | 1.136–3.247 | 0.015 * | 9.927 | 1.575–62.545 | 0.015 * |
| DM | 0.843 | 0.471–1.507 | 0.564 | |||
| HTN | 1.440 | 0.862–2.407 | 0.164 | |||
| Old CVA | 1.467 | 0.697–3.087 | 0.313 | |||
| COPD | 0.752 | 0.212–2.67 | 0.66 | |||
| CAD | 2.407 | 1.227–4.721 | 0.011 * | 2.040 | 0.511–8.136 | 0.313 |
| LC | 0.532 | 0.118–2.393 | 0.411 | |||
| ESRD | 1.010 | 0.461–2.212 | 0.98 | |||
| AKI | 3.283 | 1.846–5.838 | <0.001 * | 1.799 | 0.564–5.737 | 0.321 |
| CD | <0.001 | - | - | |||
| UC | 0.217 | 0.051–0.927 | 0.039 | 2.677 | 0.178–40.367 | 0.477 |
| HIV | 0.355 | 0.105–1.197 | 0.095 | |||
| Malignancy | 2.313 | 1.352–3.958 | 0.002 * | 2.692 | 0.335–21.653 | 0.352 |
| Transplant | 0.951 | 0.308–2.933 | 0.93 | |||
| Chemotherapy | 1.974 | 1.066–3.655 | 0.03 * | 0.601 | 0.088–4.12 | 0.604 |
| Radiotherapy | 2.602 | 1.339–5.055 | 0.005 * | 2.157 | 0.309–15.038 | 0.438 |
| Steroid | 2.407 | 1.431–4.05 | 0.001 * | 0.866 | 0.232–3.238 | 0.831 |
| Immunosuppressant | 0.689 | 0.294–1.615 | 0.392 | |||
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| WBC | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.006 * | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.075 |
| Segment | 1.067 | 1.041–1.094 | <0.001 * | 0.957 | 0.858–1.068 | 0.435 |
| Lymphocyte | 0.920 | 0.889–0.951 | <0.001 * | 0.951 | 0.843–1.072 | 0.411 |
| Hemoglobin | 0.783 | 0.683–0.898 | <0.001 * | 0.938 | 0.714–1.232 | 0.644 |
| Platelet | 0.992 | 0.989–0.995 | <0.001 * | 0.993 | 0.986–0.999 | 0.027 * |
| Bilirubin | 1.058 | 0.975–1.148 | 0.173 | |||
| Creatinine | 1.055 | 0.961–1.158 | 0.264 | |||
| Albumin | 0.233 | 0.134–0.405 | <0.001 * | 0.346 | 0.119–1.001 | 0.050 * |
| CRP | 1.010 | 1.006–1.014 | <0.001 * | 1.003 | 0.996–1.009 | 0.433 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Fever | 2.152 | 1.275–3.631 | 0.004 * | 1.848 | 0.603–5.664 | 0.283 |
| Abdominal pain | 0.903 | 0.517–1.577 | 0.719 | |||
| GI bleeding | 4.663 | 2.626–8.28 | <0.001 * | 6.067 | 1.611–22.84 | 0.008 * |
| Endoscopic feature | ||||||
| Polypoid mass | 0.271 | 0.081–0.905 | 0.034 * | 0.325 | 0.025–4.202 | 0.390 |
| Inflammation | 0.632 | 0.236–1.694 | 0.362 | |||
| Ulcer | 2.902 | 1.113–7.567 | 0.029 * | 1.631 | 0.268–9.933 | 0.596 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Operation | 2.781 | 1.194–6.477 | 0.018 * | 0.951 | 0.165–5.463 | 0.955 |
| IV ± PO | 1.328 | 0.78–2.263 | 0.296 | |||
| IV + PO (Combo) | 0.183 | 0.055–0.602 | 0.005 * | 0.031 | 0.002–0.589 | 0.021 * |
| IV (exclusive) | 4.164 | 2.404–7.212 | <0.001 * | 1.009 | 0.324–3.142 | 0.988 |
| PO (exclusive) | 0.591 | 0.286–1.22 | 0.155 | |||
| Course/Outcome | ||||||
| Time-to-diagnosis | 1.032 | 1.016–1.048 | <0.001 * | 1.023 | 1.003–1.044 | 0.025 * |
| Perforation | 0.843 | 0.178–3.986 | 0.829 | |||
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CAD, coronary artery disease; CD, Crohn’s disease; CI, confidence interval; CMV, cytomegalovirus; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C reactive protein; CVA, cardiovascular accident; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESRD, end stage renal disease; F, female; GI, gastrointestinal; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTN, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; IV, intravenous; LC, liver cirrhosis; M, male; OPD, outpatient; OR, odds ratio; PO, oral; UC, ulcerative colitis; WBC, white blood cell; * p ≦ 0.05, calculated by logistic regression analysis.