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. 2022 Feb 19;27(4):1410. doi: 10.3390/molecules27041410

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schemes of the manifolds of basic flow injection systems [45]: (A)—normal flow injection analysis (FIA) system, (B)—reverse flow injection analysis (rFIA) system, (C)—sequential injection analysis (SIA) system, (D)—batch injection analysis (BIA) system, (E)—multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) system, (F)—multicommutated flow analysis with a multichannel pump system, (G)—multi-pumping flow analysis system. Reproduced with permission from Analyst; published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016.